Co-speech gesture projection: Evidence from truth-value judgment and picture selection tasks
Co-speech gesture projection: Evidence from truth-value judgment and picture selection tasks
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协同语音手势投影：来自真值判断和图片选择任务的证据
DOI：
10.5334/gjgl.334
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Chemla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyn Tieu;R. Pasternak;P. Schlenker;E. Chemla
有两个主要的分析被用来解释共语手势如何与逻辑运算符相互作用。根据补充分析(Ebert&Ebert 2014)，共语手势与同位关系从句具有相同的语义地位。根据协同命题分析(Schlenker to proporting a；b)，联合言语手势触发了一种特殊的预设。用向上的手势(手指指向上方)产生的句子“John Will‘t Use the楼梯”被认为是为了产生一个有条件的预设，即如果John要使用楼梯，他将以向上的轨迹使用楼梯。补充分析和协设分析都预测，由共语手势引发的推理应该投射到操作者的范围之外，但方式并不完全相同。我们对六种不同的语言环境(普通肯定句和否定句、包含“可能”的情态句、包含“每个”、“没有”和“恰好一个”的量化句)中上下共用言语手势的推论的投射特性进行了实验研究。将阅读检测分析(Cremers&Chemla 2017)应用于真值判断任务和图片选择任务的回答，我们发现了手势推论在“每个”、“没有”和“恰好一个”范围内的存在投射的证据，以及在某种程度上推论的局部适应。这些结果可以通过协设分析结合预设投射的分析得出，例如Beaver(2001)预测量化结构之外的存在投射；另一方面，这两个发现都很难与补充分析相一致。我们的投影结果使手势推理和言语预设更紧密地联系在一起，但仍然存在的一个谜题是，为什么在量化结构中我们获得的是存在推理而不是普遍推理(Chemla 2009)，后者是预设文献中更标准的发现(尽管见Tieu等人)。2016年，寻找相同手势推论普遍投射的证据)。
Two main analyses have been proposed to explain how co-speech gestures interact with logical operators. According to the Supplemental analysis (Ebert & Ebert 2014), co-speech gestures have the same semantic status as appositive relative clauses. According to the Cosuppositional analysis (Schlenker To appear a; b), co-speech gestures trigger a particular kind of presupposition. The sentence “John will not use the stairs”, produced with an UP gesture (finger pointed upwards) is argued to give rise to the conditional presupposition that if John were to use the stairs, he would use the stairs in an upwards trajectory . Both the Supplemental and Cosuppositional analyses predict that inferences triggered by co-speech gestures should project out of the scope of operators, but not quite in the same way. We present an experimental investigation of the projection properties of the inferences arising from the co-speech gestures UP and DOWN in six different linguistic environments (plain affirmative and negative sentences, modal sentences containing “might”, and quantified sentences containing “each”, “none”, and “exactly one”). Applying a reading detection analysis (Cremers & Chemla 2017) to the responses of a Truth Value Judgment Task and a Picture Selection Task, we find evidence for existential projection of the gestural inferences in the scope of “each”, “none”, and “exactly one”, and, to some degree, local accommodation of the inferences. These results can be derived by the Cosuppositional analysis, in combination with an analysis of presupposition projection such as Beaver (2001), which predicts existential projection out of quantified structures; on the other hand, both findings are difficult to reconcile with the Supplemental analysis. Our projection results bring gestural inferences and verbal presuppositions closer together, but a remaining puzzle is why in quantified structures we obtain existential rather than universal inferences (Chemla 2009), the latter being the more standard finding in the presuppositional literature (though see Tieu et al. 2016 for evidence of universal projection of the same gestural inferences).
学龄前儿童如何用手势和言语表达原因？
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Göksun,Tilbe;Hirsh-Pasek,Kathy;Golinkoff,RobertaMichnick
通讯作者：
Golinkoff,RobertaMichnick