Investigation and analysis of 102 mushroom poisoning cases in Southern China from 1994 to 2012
Investigation and analysis of 102 mushroom poisoning cases in Southern China from 1994 to 2012
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DOI：
10.1007/s13225-013-0260-7
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zhiguang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Zuohong;Zhang, Ping;Zhang, Zhiguang
蘑菇中毒是中国食物中毒事件中的主要死亡原因。虽然已经确定了一些负责的蘑菇物种，但有些是不准确的。本文对1994年至2012年中国南部地区食用菌中毒102例进行了调查分析，中毒患者852例，死亡183例，总死亡率为21.48%。结果表明，85.3%的中毒病例发生在6~9月，涉及有毒蘑菇16种：鹅膏菌(Amanita bligina，A.exitialis，A.subjuquillea var.)阿尔巴，A.cf.Posporria，A.kotohirasis，A.new ovoidae，A.ginopus)，Galerina ulcicep，Psilocybe samuiens，Russula subnigricans，R.senecis，R.Japan onica，绿叶钼矿，Paxillusinolutus，Leucocoprinus cepaestipe和Pulverobolus ravenelii。6种(A.subjuquillea var.阿尔巴，A.cf.在中国的中毒报告中，首次报道了拟卟啉单胞菌、裸盖拟孔菌、日本拟单胞菌、苏梅拟单胞菌和不合芽孢杆菌的毒力。苏梅裸藻是中国发现的新记录种。鹅膏菌属的致死率为70.49%，主要致死种为黄粉菌和黄粉菌。致死率为24.59%，有5种致死率为20%(黄曲霉、黄曲霉、亚军黑菇)。Alba、亚黑乳杆菌和不合芽孢杆菌)。蘑菇中毒症状从已报道的临床症状中分类。对中国的7种蘑菇中毒症状进行了临床诊断和治疗，包括胃肠炎、急性肝功能衰竭、急性肾功能衰竭、神经精神障碍、溶血、横纹肌溶解和光敏性皮炎。
Mushroom poisoning is the main cause of mortality in food poisoning incidents in China. Although some responsible mushroom species have been identified, some were identified inaccuratly. This study investigated and analyzed 102 mushroom poisoning cases in southern China from 1994 to 2012, which involved 852 patients and 183 deaths, with an overall mortality of 21.48 %. The results showed that 85.3 % of poisoning cases occurred from June to September, and involved 16 species of poisonous mushroom: Amanita species (A. fuliginea, A. exitialis, A. subjunquillea var. alba, A. cf. pseudoporphyria, A. kotohiraensis, A. neoovoidea, A. gymnopus), Galerina sulciceps, Psilocybe samuiensis, Russula subnigricans, R. senecis, R. japonica, Chlorophyllum molybdites, Paxillus involutus, Leucocoprinus cepaestipes and Pulveroboletus ravenelii. Six species (A. subjunquillea var. alba, A. cf. pseudoporphyria, A. gymnopus, R. japonica, Psilocybe samuiensis and Paxillus involutus) are reported for the first time in poisoning reports from China. Psilocybe samuiensis is a newly recorded species in China. The genus Amanita was responsible for 70.49 % of fatalities; the main lethal species were A. fuliginea and A. exitialis. Russula subnigricans caused 24.59 % of fatalities, and five species showed mortality > 20 % (A. fuliginea, A. exitialis, A. subjunquillea var. alba, R. subnigricans and Paxillus involutus). Mushroom poisoning symptoms were classified from among the reported clinical symptoms. Seven types of mushroom poisoning symptoms were identified for clinical diagnosis and treatment in China, including gastroenteritis, acute liver failure, acute renal failure, psychoneurological disorder, hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis and photosensitive dermatitis.