A macrohistone variant links dynamic chromatin compaction to BRCA1-dependent genome maintenance.

A macrohistone variant links dynamic chromatin compaction to BRCA1-dependent genome maintenance.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2014.07.024
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发表时间:
2014-08-21
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Oberdoerffer P
Oberdoerffer P
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Khurana S;Kruhlak MJ;Kim J;Tran AD;Liu J;Nyswaner K;Shi L;Jailwala P;Sung MH;Hakim O;Oberdoerffer P

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选择合适的DNA双链断裂(DSB)修复因子是确保准确的修复结果和基因组完整性的关键。调控这一过程的因素仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们识别了两个抑制染色质成分,宏组蛋白变异体宏H_2A1和H3K9甲基转移酶和肿瘤抑制因子PRDM2,它们共同指导了拮抗DSB修复介质BRCA1和53BP1之间的选择。宏H2A1/PRDM2模块介导了从可及染色质到浓缩染色质的意外转变,这需要依赖于共济失调毛细血管扩张突变(ATM)的这两种蛋白质在DSB上积累,以促进DSB侧翼的H3K9二甲基化。值得注意的是,宏H2A1或PRDM2的丢失以及实验诱导的染色质解缩,会损害BRCA1的保留,但不会损害53BP1在DSB上的保留。因此,Mac-roH2A1和/或PRDM2的缺失会导致DSB末端切除、同源定向修复以及对聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶(PARP)抑制的抵抗--这些都是BRCA1缺陷肿瘤的特征。总之,这些发现确定动态的,DSB相关的染色质重组是依赖BRCA1的基因组维持的关键调节器。
Appropriate DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair factor choice is essential for ensuring accurate repair outcome and genomic integrity. The factors that regulate this process remain poorly understood. Here, we identify two repressive chromatin components, the macrohistone variant macroH2A1 and the H3K9 methyltransferase and tumor suppressor PRDM2, which together direct the choice between the antagonistic DSB repair mediators BRCA1 and 53BP1. The macroH2A1/PRDM2 module mediates an unexpected shift from accessible to condensed chromatin that requires the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent accumulation of both proteins at DSBs in order to promote DSB-flanking H3K9 dimethylation. Remarkably, loss of macroH2A1 or PRDM2, as well as experimentally induced chromatin decondensation, impairs the retention of BRCA1, but not 53BP1, at DSBs. As a result, mac-roH2A1 and/or PRDM2 depletion causes epistatic defects in DSB end resection, homology-directed repair, and the resistance to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition—all hallmarks of BRCA1-deficient tumors. Together, these findings identify dynamic, DSB-associated chromatin reorganization as a critical modulator of BRCA1-dependent genome maintenance.
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