Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: Quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies
Dietary lipids and blood cholesterol: Quantitative meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.314.7074.112
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发表时间：
1997-01-11
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peto, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke, R;Frost, C;Peto, R
目的：确定膳食脂肪酸和膳食胆固醇对血液中总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度的定量重要性。设计：对健康志愿者固体食物饮食代谢病房研究的荟萃分析。受试者：395个饮食实验（中位持续时间为1个月）。结果：用复合碳水化合物等热量替代10%的膳食热量的饱和脂肪，导致血液总胆固醇下降0.52（SE 0.03）mmol/l，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇下降0.36（0.05）mmol/l。用多不饱和脂肪等热量替代复合碳水化合物5%的膳食热量，导致总胆固醇进一步下降0.13（0.02）mmol/l，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇下降0.11（0.02）mmol/l。用单不饱和脂肪替代碳水化合物对总胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇没有显著影响。避免200毫克/天的饮食胆固醇进一步降低血液总胆固醇0.13（0.02）mmol/l和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇0.10（0.02）mmol/l。结论：在典型的英国饮食取代60%的饱和脂肪的其他脂肪和避免60%的饮食胆固醇将降低血液总胆固醇约0.8 mmol/l（即10-15%），与五分之四的这种减少是在低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
Objective: To determine the quantitative importance of dietary fatty acids and dietary cholesterol to blood concentrations of total, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol.Design: Meta-analysis of metabolic ward studies of solid food diets in healthy volunteers.Subjects: 395 dietary experiments (median duration 1 month) among 129 groups of individuals.Results: Isocaloric replacement of saturated fats by complex carbohydrates for 10% of dietary calories resulted in blood total cholesterol falling by 0.52 (SE 0.03) mmol/l and low density lipoprotein cholesterol falling by 0.36 (0.05) mmol/l. Isocaloric replacement of complex carbohydrates by polyunsaturated fats for 5% of dietary calories resulted in total cholesterol falling by a further 0.13 (0.02) mmol/l and low density lipoprotein cholesterol falling by 0.11 (0.02) mmol/l. Similar replacement of carbohydrates by monounsaturated fats produced no significant effect on total or low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Avoiding 200 mg/day dietary cholesterol further decreased blood total cholesterol by 0.13 (0.02) mmol/l and low density lipoprotein cholesterol by 0.10 (0.02) mmol/l.Conclusions:ln typical British diets replacing 60% of saturated fats by other fats and avoiding 60% of dietary cholesterol would reduce blood total cholesterol by about 0.8 mmol/l (that is, by 10-15%), with four fifths of this reduction being in low density lipoprotein cholesterol.