Identification, migration, and childhood exposure of methylsiloxanes in silicone infant bottle nipples marketed in China
Identification, migration, and childhood exposure of methylsiloxanes in silicone infant bottle nipples marketed in China
复制标题
中国销售的硅胶婴儿奶嘴中甲基硅氧烷的鉴定、迁移和儿童暴露情况
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154449
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
XiaoJie Fan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Feng;XiRong Zhang;Hang Yuan;XueYan Li;XiaoJie Fan
The analysis, migration, and childhood exposure of methylsiloxanes (MSs) in 32 silicone infant bottle nipples marketed in China were studied. Thirty types of MSs in two families, which included 11 linear MSs (LMSs, L4-L14) and 19 cyclic MSs (CMSs, D4-D22), were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) associated with standards, retention index, and carbon number rule. In 32 nipples, MSs with molecular weight < 1000 Da and CMSs were predominant. Considering the actual daily use of bottle nipples, the migration tests of MSs from nipples to artificial saliva and reconstituted powdered formula were performed. In particular, the orthogonal test design–QuEChERS–GC/MS was employed to detect MSs in formula. The median migration level of ΣMSs (MW < 1000 Da) in formula was 950.9 ng/mL, which was much higher than that in artificial saliva (98.1 ng/mL). If formula is fed to children aged 3–36 months using bottle nipples according to product instructions, the daily oral exposure to ΣMSs (MW < 1000) for children ranged from 52 to 146 μg/kg bw-day, which were two to five orders of magnitude higher than those of other exposure pathways. In sum, oral intake (especially through formula) may be the predominant pathway of exposure of MSs in children. This research enhances our understanding of the oral exposure risks of MSs and provides useful information that could aid the development of risk management strategies.
