The relationships between major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination, and mental health in three racial and ethnic groups of older adults
The relationships between major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination, and mental health in three racial and ethnic groups of older adults
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DOI：
10.1080/13607863.2010.543664
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Gum, Amber M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayalon, Liat;Gum, Amber M.
目的：要评估之间的关系，认为暴露于主要的终身歧视，日常歧视，和心理健康在三个种族/民族群体的老年人adultes.Design：健康和退休研究是一个具有全国代表性的样本的个人50岁及以上的生活在美国。共有6455名白人，716名拉丁美洲人和1214名黑人有资格完成自我报告的心理社会问卷调查，在2006年。结果：而30%的一般人口报告至少有一种类型的主要终身歧视，近45%的黑人老年人报告这种歧视。相对于其他两个种族/族裔群体（82%的白人，82.6%的黑人），拉丁美洲人不太可能报告任何日常歧视（64.2%），而黑人报告的日常歧视频率最高。白人的生活满意度最高，抑郁症状最低。相对于主要的终生歧视，日常歧视与心理健康指标的相关性更强。歧视和心理健康结果之间的关系更强的白色相比，黑人老年人，虽然每天的歧视仍然显着相关的结果为Black elderly adults.Conclusions：黑人老年人的经验最多的歧视性事件，但较弱的相关心理健康结果。这可能是因为他们已经习惯了这些经历，受益于作为缓冲或选择性生存的社会或文化资源，目前的样本只捕获了最有弹性的老年人，他们学会了科普歧视的有害影响。
Objectives: To evaluate the relationships between perceived exposure to major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination, and mental health in three racial/ethnic groups of older adults.Design: The Health and Retirement Study is a nationally representative sample of individuals 50 years and older living in the United States. A total of 6455 Whites, 716 Latinos, and 1214 Blacks were eligible to complete a self-report psychosocial questionnaire in the year 2006.Results: Whereas 30% of the general population reported at least one type of major lifetime discrimination, almost 45% of Black older adults reported such discrimination. Relative to the other two racial/ethnic groups (82% Whites, 82.6% Blacks), Latinos were significantly less likely to report any everyday discrimination (64.2%), whereas Blacks reported the greatest frequency of everyday discrimination. Whites reported the highest levels of life satisfaction and the lowest levels of depressive symptoms. Relative to major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination had a somewhat stronger correlation with mental health indicators. The relationships between discrimination and mental health outcomes were stronger for White compared to Black older adults, although everyday discrimination was still significantly associated with outcomes for Black older adults.Conclusions: Black older adults experience the greatest number of discriminative events, but weaker associated mental health outcomes. This could be because they have become accustomed to these experiences, benefit from social or cultural resources that serve as buffers, or selective survival, with the present sample capturing only the most resilient older adults who have learned to cope with the deleterious effects of discrimination.