Low acetaldehyde levels in blood, breath and cerebrospinal fluid of intoxicated humans as assayed by improved methods.
Low acetaldehyde levels in blood, breath and cerebrospinal fluid of intoxicated humans as assayed by improved methods.
复制标题
通过改进的方法测定中毒者的血液、呼吸和脑脊液中乙醛含量较低。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_66
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Lindros
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Stowell;M. Hillbom;M. Salaspuro;K. Lindros
建立了一种灵敏的测定人血中乙醛(ACh)的方法，避免了人工乙醇衍生的Ach的形成。ACh通过采集血液直接进入等渗氨基脲捕获，分离血浆，高氯酸释放ACh，用气相色谱分析。呼气性ACh也被困在氨基脲中，并进行了类似的分析。使用实验测定的血：呼吸分配比190，计算的肺血和测量的肘前动脉血ACh在不同浓度下非常相似。在中等酒精水平下，血液ACh一般很低(<；10微米)。碳化钙(0.25 mg/kg)引起中度冲洗反应，并使ACh升高到25-188微米。4-甲基吡唑(5 mg/kg静脉注射)迅速减轻ACh水平和症状，表明其在治疗二硫仑-乙醇反应中的潜在用途。5例高度中毒患者脑脊液中ACh几乎不存在(0~5微米)。偶尔或慢性酒精滥用者的血液ACh水平一般较低(10微米)，只有在临床异常时才能观察到ACh水平升高。结果表明，总的来说，以前报道的人类血液ACh水平错误地偏高，呼吸水平反映了血液水平。血液ACh在人类体内乙醇作用中的作用可能比人们通常认为的要小。
A sensitive method for determination of human blood acetaldehyde (AcH), which avoids artefactual ethanol-derived Ach formation, was developed. AcH was trapped by collecting blood directly into isotonic semicarbazide, the plasma separated, AcH liberated by perchloric acid and analyzed by gas chromatography. Breath AcH was also trapped in semicarbazide and analyzed similarly. Using an experimentally determined blood:breath partition ratio of 190, calculated pulmonary blood and measured antecubital blood AcH were very similar at various concentrations. Blood AcH was found generally to be very low (< 10 microM) at moderate ethanol levels. Calcium carbimide (0.25 mg/kg) caused moderate flushing reactions and elevated AcH to 25-188 microM. 4-Methylpyrazole (5 mg/kg i.v.) rapidly attenuated AcH levels and symptoms, indicating its potential use in the treatment of disulfiram-ethanol reactions. AcH in the cerebrospinal fluid of 5 highly intoxicated patients was almost absent (0-5 microM). Blood AcH in occasional or chronic alcohol abusers were generally low (< 10 microM), elevated AcH levels being observed only in association with clinical abnormalities. The results indicate that in general, previously reported human blood AcH levels are erroneously high and that breath levels reflect blood levels. Blood AcH may play a lesser role in the actions of ethanol in humans than is often assumed.