How do tougher immigration measures affect unauthorized immigrants?
How do tougher immigration measures affect unauthorized immigrants?
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DOI：
10.1007/s13524-013-0200-x
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发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Martinez-Donate AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amuedo-Dorantes C;Puttitanun T;Martinez-Donate AP
最近在州一级通过的更严厉的移民相关措施的推动力引起了人们对这些措施对未经授权移民的移民经历，轨迹和未来计划的影响的担忧。在最近对自愿返回或被驱逐到墨西哥的墨西哥非法移民进行的一项独特调查中，几乎三分之一的人报告说，他们在获得社会或政府服务、寻找法律的援助或获得医疗保健服务方面遇到困难。此外，这些非法移民中有一半表示担心被驱逐出境。当我们评估对未经授权的移民采取的惩罚性措施（如电子验证授权）如何影响他们的移民经历时，我们没有发现这些措施与未经授权的移民在获得各种服务时所报告的困难之间存在统计学显著关联的证据。然而，这些命令的颁布注入了驱逐恐惧，减少了自愿返回者在最后一次移民期间的州际流动，并有助于遏制被驱逐者在不久的将来返回美国的意图。
The recent impetus of tougher immigration-related measures passed at the state level raises concerns about the impact of such measures on the migration experience, trajectory, and future plans of unauthorized immigrants. In a recent and unique survey of Mexican unauthorized immigrants interviewed upon their voluntary return or deportation to Mexico, almost a third reported experiencing difficulties in obtaining social or government services, finding legal assistance, or obtaining health care services. Additionally, half of these unauthorized immigrants reported fearing deportation. When we assess how the enactment of punitive measures against unauthorized immigrants, such as E-Verify mandates, has affected their migration experience, we find no evidence of a statistically significant association between these measures and the difficulties reported by unauthorized immigrants in accessing a variety of services. However, the enactment of these mandates infuses deportation fear, reduces interstate mobility among voluntary returnees during their last migration spell, and helps curb deportees’ intent to return to the United States in the near future.