Prior Sexual Trauma and Adjustment Following the Virginia Tech Campus Shootings: Examination of the Mediating Role of Schemas.
Prior Sexual Trauma and Adjustment Following the Virginia Tech Campus Shootings: Examination of the Mediating Role of Schemas.
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弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击事件后的先前性创伤和调整：图式中介作用的检查。
DOI：
10.1037/a0025270
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buck,KatherineS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Littleton,HeatherL;Grills-Taquechel,AmieE;Axsom,Danny;Bye,Kimberly;Buck,KatherineS
大量的研究支持创伤的累积性质。然而，很少有研究评估了多重创伤导致痛苦升高的潜在机制。目前的研究试图评估性创伤受害者和没有经历过性创伤的女性在大规模创伤后的调整中的差异（暴露于2007年弗吉尼亚理工大学校园枪击案的大学女性）。此外，该研究还探讨了适应不良的图式变化（较低的自我价值感和较少的仁慈信念）和社会支持是否介导了经历多重创伤（性创伤和校园枪击事件）和痛苦之间的关系。该样本由215名大学女生组成，她们在枪击前以及校园枪击后两个月和一年进行了评估。研究人员将经历过性创伤（接触性虐待或性侵犯）的女性与那些没有一年创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状的女性进行了比较。结果支持性创伤受害者报告显着更多的抑郁症状和枪击相关的创伤后应激障碍，以及在仁慈和较低的家庭支持的信念。家庭支持和仁慈的信念，在两个月后的射击评估是显着的调解员之间的关联性创伤史和抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍。未来的研究评估多重创伤经历的累积影响的研究结果的影响进行了讨论。
A sizable body of research supports trauma's cumulative nature. However, few studies have evaluated potential mechanisms through which the experience of multiple traumas leads to elevated distress. The current study sought to evaluate differences between sexual trauma victims and women who had not experienced sexual trauma in their adjustment following a mass trauma (college women exposed to the 2007 Virginia Tech campus shooting). In addition, the study examined whether maladaptive schema change (lower self-worth and less belief in benevolence) and social support mediated the relationship between experiencing multiple traumas (sexual trauma and the campus shooting) and distress. The sample consisted of 215 college women who were assessed preshooting as well as two months and one year following the campus shooting. Women who had experienced sexual trauma (either contact sexual abuse or sexual assault) were compared to those who had not on their one-year postshooting PTSD and depressive symptoms. Results supported that sexual trauma victims reported significantly more depressive symptoms and shooting-related PTSD as well as less belief in benevolence and lower family support. Family support and benevolence beliefs at the two month postshooting assessment were significant mediators of the association between sexual trauma history and depression and PTSD. Implications of the findings for future research evaluating the cumulative impact of multiple traumatic experiences are discussed.