Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of the megacity Shanghai: Occurrence, source apportionment and potential human health risk
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of the megacity Shanghai: Occurrence, source apportionment and potential human health risk
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.086
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Yu, Gang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang, Xue-Tong;Miao, Yi;Yu, Gang
为了解上海城市土壤中多环芳烃的污染水平及其对人体健康的潜在危害，对上海城市土壤中多环芳烃进行了全面调查，并对土壤中多环芳烃的来源贡献进行了分析和定量评价。采集了上海市主要城区57个土壤样品，分析了其中26种多环芳烃的含量，包括高致癌性的二苯并芘异构体。总浓度范围为133至8650纳克克（-1），为西格玛（26）多环芳烃和83.3至7220纳克克（-1）为西格玛（16）多环芳烃，平均值分别为2420和1970纳克克（-1）。DBaP和DBaeP可以作为柴油车排放的标志物，而DBahP是区别于柴油车排放的焦炭焦油的可能标志物。PMF模型识别出上海市区6种污染源，其对土壤PAH总负荷的相对贡献率分别为：石油源6%、燃煤源21%、生物质燃烧源13%、杂酚油源16%、煤焦油源23%和机动车排放源21%。苯并[a]芘当量（BaPeq）浓度范围为48.9-2580 ng g（-1）（Sigma（24）PAH）、7.02-869 ng g（-1）（Sigma（16）PAH）和35.7-1990 ng g（-1）（Sigma（4）DBP）。Sigma（4）DBP的BaPeq浓度占Sigma（24）PAHs的72%。近一半的土壤样本显示浓度高于安全的BaPeq值600 ng g（-1）。通过直接接触接触这些土壤可能会对人类健康造成重大风险，因为土壤中的多环芳烃具有致癌作用。近三分之一的城市土壤样品的加性致癌风险指数（IACR）值大于安全值1.0，表明研究区城市土壤中的多环芳烃可能对饮用水水质构成潜在威胁。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
A comprehensive investigation was conducted to the urban soil in the megacity Shanghai in order to assess the levels of PAHs and potential risks to human health, to identify and quantitatively assess source contributions to the soil PAHs. A total of 57 soil samples collected in main urban areas of Shanghai, China were analyzed for 26 PAHs including highly carcinogenic dibenzopyrene isomers. The total concentrations ranged from 133 to 8650 ng g(-1), for Sigma(26)PAHs and 83.3 to 7220 ng g(-1) for Sigma(16)PAHs, with mean values of 2420 and 1970 ng g(-1), respectively. DBalP and DBaeP may serve as markers for diesel vehicle emission, while DBahP is a probable marker of coke tar as distinct from diesel emissions. Six sources in Shanghai urban area were identified by PMF model; their relative contributions to the total soil PAH burden were 6% for petrogenic sources, 21% for coal combustion, 13% for biomass burning, 16% for creosote, 23% for coke tar related sources and 21% for vehicular emissions, respectively. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPeq) concentrations ranged from 48.9-2580 ng g(-1) for Sigma(24)PAHs, 7.02-869 ng g(-1) for Sigma(16)PAHs and 35.7-1990 ng g(-1) for Sigma(4)DBPs. The BaPeq concentrations of Sigma(4)DBPs made up 72% of Sigma(24)PAHs. Nearly half of the soil samples showed concentrations above the safe BaPeq value of 600 ng g(-1). Exposure to these soils through direct contact probably poses a significant risk to human health from carcinogenic effects of soil PAHs. The index of additive cancer risk (IACR) values in almost one third of urban soil samples were more than the safe value of 1.0, indicating these urban soil PAHs in the study area may pose a potential threat to potable groundwater water quality from leaching of carcinogenic PAH mixtures from soil. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.