Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review.
Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2015.00171
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Cosentino M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scanzano A;Cosentino M
交感神经系统在脑免疫串扰中起主要作用，但关于先天免疫系统的交感肾上腺素能调节的信息很少。本综述的目的是总结现有的知识关于先天性免疫反应的交感神经调制，提供一个合理的背景可能重新利用肾上腺素能药物作为免疫调节剂。免疫系统细胞表达肾上腺素受体（AR），是去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素的靶点。在人中性粒细胞中，肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素可能通过β-AR抑制迁移、CD 11b/CD 18表达和氧化代谢，但α1-和α2-AR的作用需要进一步研究。自然杀伤细胞表达β-AR，通常具有抑制性。单核细胞表达β-AR，其活化通常是不稳定的。在小鼠树突状细胞（DC）上，β-AR介导交感神经对DC-T细胞相互作用的影响。在人DC中，β2-AR可能影响CD 4 + T细胞的Th 1/2分化。在小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞中，β2-AR失调可能导致自身免疫性和神经退行性疾病中的神经炎症。总之，大量证据支持肾上腺素能机制在外周组织以及中枢神经系统先天免疫调节中的关键作用。先天性免疫系统中的交感肾上腺素能通路可能是具有重要治疗潜力的新的免疫调节靶点。
The sympathetic nervous system has a major role in the brain-immune cross-talk, but few information exist on the sympathoadrenergic regulation of innate immune system. The aim of this review is to summarize available knowledge regarding the sympathetic modulation of the innate immune response, providing a rational background for the possible repurposing of adrenergic drugs as immunomodulating agents. The cells of immune system express adrenoceptors (AR), which represent the target for noradrenaline and adrenaline. In human neutrophils, adrenaline and noradrenaline inhibit migration, CD11b/CD18 expression, and oxidative metabolism, possibly through β-AR, although the role of α1- and α2-AR requires further investigation. Natural Killer express β-AR, which are usually inhibitory. Monocytes express β-AR and their activation is usually antiinflammatory. On murine Dentritic cells (DC), β-AR mediate sympathetic influence on DC-T cells interactions. In human DC β2-AR may affect Th1/2 differentiation of CD4+ T cells. In microglia and in astrocytes, β2-AR dysregulation may contribute to neuroinflammation in autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease. In conclusion, extensive evidence supports a critical role for adrenergic mechanisms in the regulation of innate immunity, in peripheral tissues as well as in the CNS. Sympathoadrenergic pathways in the innate immune system may represent novel antiinflammatory and immunomodulating targets with significant therapeutic potential.