MEASURING THE IMPACT OF WATER-SUPPLY AND SANITATION INVESTMENTS ON DIARRHEAL DISEASES - PROBLEMS OF METHODOLOGY
MEASURING THE IMPACT OF WATER-SUPPLY AND SANITATION INVESTMENTS ON DIARRHEAL DISEASES - PROBLEMS OF METHODOLOGY
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/12.3.357
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
FEACHEM, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLUM, D;FEACHEM, RG
对已发表的关于供水和/或排泄物处理设施对腹泻疾病或与腹泻有关的感染的影响的文献进行审查后发现，一些方法学问题阻碍了决定性数据的获取。其中8个方法学问题，缺乏足够的控制，一对一的比较，混淆的变量，健康指标回忆，健康指标定义，没有按年龄分析，没有记录使用情况，以及影响变量的季节性。显然，对环境干预措施对健康的影响的评估最好是在机会主义环境下由工程师、社会科学家和流行病学家共同努力进行；干预行为过程是发生健康影响所必需的，应该是此类评估的主要重点。
A review of the published literature on the impact of water supply and/or excreta disposal facilities on diarrheal diseases, or infections related to diarrhea, revealed several methodological problems that hampered acquisition of conclusive data. Eight of these methodological problems, lack of adequate control, the one-to-one comparison, confounding variables, health indicator recall, health indicator definition, failure to analyze by age, failure to record usage and the seasonality of impact variables were examined. Evidently, an evaluation of the impact on health of environmental interventions is best undertaken by the combined efforts of engineers, social scientists and epidemiologists in opportunistic settings; the intervening behavioral processes so necessary for health impact to occur should be a primary focus of such evaluations.