Likelihood ratio tests for a dose‐response effect using multiple nonlinear regression models

Likelihood ratio tests for a dose‐response effect using multiple nonlinear regression models
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使用多重非线性回归模型进行剂量反应效应的似然比测试

DOI:
10.1111/biom.12563
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Bornkamp B
Bornkamp B
中科院分区:
数学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gutjahr G;Bornkamp B

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被引文献

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我们考虑基于一组候选(通常为非线性)剂量反应模型,使用似然比检验来检验剂量相关效应的问题。对于所考虑的模型,这减少到评估这些非线性回归模型中的斜率参数是否为零。一个技术问题是,零分布(当斜率为零时)取决于不可识别的参数,因此似然比检验分布的标准渐进结果不再适用。这个问题的渐近解已在文献中广泛讨论。然而,得到的近似值并不是简单的形式,需要模拟来计算渐近分布。此外,在样本量较小的情况下,其适当性可能令人怀疑。由于某些参数的不可识别性,直接模拟近似零分布在数值上是不稳定的。在这篇文章中,我们导出了一个数值算法来近似正态分布数据的多模型下的似然比检验的精确分布。该算法使用微分几何方法,可用于在零假设下评估分布,但也允许计算功效和样本量。我们将拟定的测试方法与MCP‐Mod方法和替代方法进行了比较,以测试剂量探索示例数据集和模拟中的剂量相关趋势。
We consider the problem of testing for a dose‐related effect based on a candidate set of (typically nonlinear) dose‐response models using likelihood‐ratio tests. For the considered models this reduces to assessing whether the slope parameter in these nonlinear regression models is zero or not. A technical problem is that the null distribution (when the slope is zero) depends on non‐identifiable parameters, so that standard asymptotic results on the distribution of the likelihood‐ratio test no longer apply. Asymptotic solutions for this problem have been extensively discussed in the literature. The resulting approximations however are not of simple form and require simulation to calculate the asymptotic distribution. In addition, their appropriateness might be doubtful for the case of a small sample size. Direct simulation to approximate the null distribution is numerically unstable due to the non identifiability of some parameters. In this article, we derive a numerical algorithm to approximate the exact distribution of the likelihood‐ratio test under multiple models for normally distributed data. The algorithm uses methods from differential geometry and can be used to evaluate the distribution under the null hypothesis, but also allows for power and sample size calculations. We compare the proposed testing approach to the MCP‐Mod methodology and alternative methods for testing for a dose‐related trend in a dose‐finding example data set and simulations.
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