ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION AND MORTALITY AMONG WOMEN
ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION AND MORTALITY AMONG WOMEN
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm199505113321901
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发表时间：
1995-05-11
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
WILLETT, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FUCHS, CS;STAMPFER, MJ;WILLETT, WC
背景。对男性的研究表明，轻度至中度饮酒与总体死亡率降低相关，这主要是由于冠心病风险降低。在饮酒量相似的女性中，已注意到乳腺癌风险增加，这使风险和益处的平衡变得复杂。
方法。我们对85709名年龄在34至59岁且无心肌梗死、心绞痛、中风或癌症病史的女性进行了一项前瞻性研究，这些女性在1980年完成了一份饮食调查问卷。在12年的随访期间，记录了2658例死亡。
结果。在对其他死亡预测因素进行调整后，与不饮酒者相比，每天饮酒1.5 - 4.9克（每周1 - 3杯）的女性死亡相对风险为0.83（95%置信区间，0.74 - 0.93），每天饮酒5.0 - 29.9克的女性为0.88（95%置信区间，0.80 - 0.98），每天饮酒30克或更多的女性为1.19（95%置信区间，1.02 - 1.38）。轻度至中度饮酒（每天1.5 - 29.9克）与心血管疾病死亡风险降低相关；重度饮酒与其他原因（特别是乳腺癌和肝硬化）导致的死亡风险增加相关。在有冠心病风险因素的女性以及50岁或以上的女性中，轻度至中度饮酒带来的益处最为明显。
结论。在女性中，轻度至中度饮酒与死亡率降低相关，但这种明显的生存益处似乎主要局限于冠心病风险较高的女性。
Background. Studies in men suggest that light-to-moderate alcohol intake is associated with a reduction in overall mortality, due primarily to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. Among women with similar levels of alcohol consumption, an increased risk of breast cancer has been noted that complicates the balance of risks and benefits.Methods. We conducted a prospective study among 85,709 women, 34 to 59 years of age and without a history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, or cancer, who completed a dietary questionnaire in 1980. During the 12-year follow-up period, 2658 deaths were documented.Results. The relative risks of death in drinkers as compared with nondrinkers were 0.83 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.74 to 0.93) for women who consumed 1.5 to 4.9 g of alcohol per day (one to three drinks per week), 0.88 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.98) for those who consumed 5.0 to 29.9 g per day, and 1.19 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.38) for those who consumed 30 g or more per day, after adjustment for other predictors of mortality. Light-to-moderate drinking (1.5 to 29.9 g per day) was associated with a decreased risk of death from cardiovascular disease; heavier drinking was associated with an increased risk of death from other causes, particularly breast cancer and cirrhosis. The benefit associated with light-to-moderate drinking was most apparent among women with risk factors for coronary heart disease and those 50 years of age or older.Conclusions. Among women, light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced mortality rate, but this apparent survival benefit appears largely confined to women at greater risk for coronary heart disease.