Using flood-excess volume to show that upscaling beaver dams for protection against extreme floods proves unrealistic
Using flood-excess volume to show that upscaling beaver dams for protection against extreme floods proves unrealistic
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利用洪水过剩量来证明扩大河狸坝的规模以抵御极端洪水是不现实的
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Kent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Bokhove;M. Kelmanson;T. Kent
我们在本aricle解决的问题如下：（一）是否（极端）河流洪水可以防止或严重减轻引进海狸在野外，及（二）哪些河流集水区洪水缓解海狸活动（不）工作？通过使用洪水过量体积（FEV）的概念，在英国的四条河流，在五个（极端）英国洪水事件的背景下，在过去的二十年中，我们表明，即使是10%的洪水减少的FEV，使用海狸殖民地和海狸水坝，需要数百个这样的殖民地每河流域。鉴于大量的海狸殖民地和水坝所需的缓解，我们的结论/证明，严重的洪水缓解大规模引进海狸殖民地是完全不现实的，在科学文献和媒体的声明形成鲜明对比。此外，FEV是有价值的超出其效用作为一种工具，在分析河狸坝防洪的功效：它被证明是一个有用的工具，以一种易于理解的方式评估各种防洪措施，包括分析当地防洪措施的可扩展性，整体集水区的需求。
The questions we address in the present aricle are the following: (i) whether (extreme) river floods can be prevented or seriously mitigated by the introduction of beavers in the wild, and (ii) for which river catchments does flood mitigation by beaver activity (not) work? By using the concept of flood-excess volume (FEV) for four rivers in the UK, in the context of five (extreme) UK flood events in the last two decades, we show that even a 10% flood reduction of the FEV, using beaver colonies and beaver dams, requires hundreds of such colonies per river catchment. Given the high number of beaver colonies and dams required for mitigation, we conclude/demonstrate that serious flood mitigation by massive introduction of beaver colonies is completely unrealistic, in stark contrast to statements made in scientific literature and in the media. Furthermore, FEV is valuable beyond its utility as a tool in analysing the efficacy of beaver dams as flood protection: it is demonstrated to be a useful tool for assessing in an easy-to-understand way a variety of flood-mitigation measures, including analysing the scalability of local flood-mitigation measures for overall catchment needs.