Disrupted Habituation in the Early Stage of Psychosis
Disrupted Habituation in the Early Stage of Psychosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.06.007
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Heckers, Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avery, Suzanne N.;McHugo, Maureen;Heckers, Stephan
背景：精神分裂症患者的学习和记忆能力受到损害。一些理论提出，一种记忆形式——习惯化——尤其受到损害。初步证据表明，记忆障碍与慢性精神分裂症患者的海马习惯化失败有关。我们研究了海马体的异常习惯如何与精神病早期阶段的相关记忆缺陷相关。方法：我们使用功能磁共振成像测量了 62 名早期精神病患者和 70 名健康个体的海马活动。习惯被定义为功能磁共振成像信号变化对面部和物体重复呈现的斜率。关系记忆能力的测量是在扫描仪外进行面部场景配对眼动任务期间优先观看的斜率。结果：与健康对照受试者相比，早期精神病患者表现出关系记忆受损（p < .001）和海马对物体的适应程度较低（p = .01）。在健康对照组中，更好的关系记忆与更快的前海马习惯化相关（面部，r = -.28，p = .03）。相反，早期精神病患者没有表现出大脑与行为的关系（r = .12，p = .40）。结论：我们发现了精神病早期海马习惯化被破坏的证据，以及海马习惯化和关系记忆能力之间的关联发生了改变。这些结果表明，神经习惯化可能为精神病的早期认知干预提供新的目标。
BACKGROUND: Learning and memory are impaired in schizophrenia. Some theories have proposed that one form of memory, habituation, is particularly impaired. Preliminary evidence suggests that memory impairment is associated with failed hippocampal habituation in patients with chronic schizophrenia. We studied how abnormal habituation of the hippocampus is related to relational memory deficits in the early stage of psychosis.METHODS: We measured hippocampal activity in 62 patients with early psychosis and 70 healthy individuals using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Habituation was defined as the slope of functional magnetic resonance imaging signal change to repeated presentations of faces and objects. Relational memory ability was measured as the slope of preferential viewing during a face-scene pair eye movement task outside the scanner.RESULTS: Patients with early psychosis showed impaired relational memory (p < .001) and less hippocampal habituation to objects (p = .01) than healthy control subjects. In the healthy control group, better relational memory was associated with faster anterior hippocampal habituation (faces, r = -.28, p = .03). In contrast, patients with early psychosis showed no brain-behavior relationship (r = .12, p = .40).CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence for disrupted hippocampal habituation in the early stage of psychosis along with an altered association between hippocampal habituation and relational memory ability. These results suggest that neural habituation may provide a novel target for early cognitive interventions in psychosis.