The Cytoskeleton and Polarity Markers During Polarized Growth of Filamentous Fungi
The Cytoskeleton and Polarity Markers During Polarized Growth of Filamentous Fungi
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-05448-9_3
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Norio Takeshita;R. Fischer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Norio Takeshita;R. Fischer
丝状真菌是一种高度极化的真核细胞，其顶端的菌丝不断伸长。菌丝顶端的延伸需要细胞膜的不断扩大和细胞壁的不断延伸。两者都是通过尖端的大量囊泡融合实现的。囊泡运输以及与极性生长相关的所有其他动态过程，如细胞器复制和分布，或RNA，蛋白质或脂质的运输，都需要细胞骨架元件。真菌细胞极性的建立和维持就像高等真核生物一样，需要肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架以及皮层标志性蛋白之间的相互作用。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究结果，阐明了极化生长的机制，特别强调肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架的作用，连接两个细胞骨架的极性标记。
Filamentous fungi are highly polarized eukaryotic cells, which continuously elongate their hyphae at the tips. The extension of hyphal tips requires the continuous enlargement of the cell membrane and the extension of the cell wall. Both are achieved through massive vesicle fusion at the tip. Vesicle transport as well as all other dynamic processes related to polar growth, such as organelle duplication and distribution, or the transport of RNA, proteins, or lipids, requires cytoskeletal elements. The establishment and maintenance of cell polarity in fungi—as in higher eukaryotes—requires the interplay between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons and landmark proteins at the cortex. Here we review recent findings unraveling the mechanism of polarized growth with special emphasis on the roles of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, polarity markers linking the two cytoskeletons.