Remote-scope promotion: clarified, rectified, and verified

Remote-scope promotion: clarified, rectified, and verified
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远程推广:澄清、整改、核实

DOI:
10.1145/2814270.2814283
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wickerson J
Wickerson J
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--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wickerson J

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现代加速器编程框架,如OpenCL,将线程组织到工作组中。远程作用域提升(RSP)是AMD研究人员最近提出的一种语言扩展,旨在首次使应用程序能够优化工作组内通信的常见情况(使用内存作用域仅在工作组内提供一致性),并允许偶尔的工作组间通信(根据需要,例如,支持流行的工作窃取负载平衡习惯用法)。我们提出了第一个正式的,公理化的内存模型的OpenCL扩展与RSP。我们已经扩展了羊群内存模型模拟器,支持OpenCL内核,利用RSP,并用它来发现几个石蕊测试和工作窃取队列中的错误,这已经在以前的研究中使用的RSP。我们还正式提出了RSP的GPU实现。形式化过程使我们能够识别RSP描述中的错误,这些错误可能导致同步良好的程序出现内存不一致。我们提出并证明了一个新的实现RSP,采用了错误修复,需要较少的非标准硬件比原来的实现。这项工作,学术界和工业界之间的合作,清楚地表明,当设计硬件支持一个新的并发语言功能时,早期应用正式的工具和技术可以帮助防止错误,比如我们发现的那些错误,使其成为硅。
Modern accelerator programming frameworks, such as OpenCL, organise threads into work-groups. Remote-scope promotion (RSP) is a language extension recently proposed by AMD researchers that is designed to enable applications, for the first time, both to optimise for the common case of intra-work-group communication (using memory scopes to provide consistency only within a work-group) and to allow occasional inter-work-group communication (as required, for instance, to support the popular load-balancing idiom of work stealing). We present the first formal, axiomatic memory model of OpenCL extended with RSP. We have extended the Herd memory model simulator with support for OpenCL kernels that exploit RSP, and used it to discover bugs in several litmus tests and a work-stealing queue, that have been used previously in the study of RSP. We have also formalised the proposed GPU implementation of RSP. The formalisation process allowed us to identify bugs in the description of RSP that could result in well-synchronised programs experiencing memory inconsistencies. We present and prove sound a new implementation of RSP that incorporates bug fixes and requires less non-standard hardware than the original implementation. This work, a collaboration between academia and industry, clearly demonstrates how, when designing hardware support for a new concurrent language feature, the early application of formal tools and techniques can help to prevent errors, such as those we have found, from making it into silicon.
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