Influence between early maladaptive schemas and depression
Influence between early maladaptive schemas and depression
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DOI：
10.1016/j.encep.2011.01.001
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Callahan, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cormier, A.;Jourda, B.;Callahan, S.
介绍。-儿童时期形成的早期适应不良图式相对稳定。一旦被激活，这些早期的适应不良图式可能会影响现实感知并造成认知扭曲。先前的研究表明，早期适应不良图式与抑郁症有关：早期适应不良图式可能是抑郁症的危险因素（Young, 2001）和抑郁症的易感性标志（Dozois, 2007）。本研究的主要目的是探讨早期适应不良图式对法国成年人抑郁症严重程度的影响。-纳入162名参与者（平均年龄29岁，SD = 13.86）， 66名男性（平均年龄29岁，SD = 13.65）和106名女性（平均年龄30岁，SD = 14.07）。参与者被邀请完成Young图式问卷（YSQ-S1-Young 1994）和Beck抑郁量表（BDI-II-Beck 1994）。随机选择56名参与者完成纸质版本的量表，95名参与者完成在线电子版本的量表。- 52%的参与者不抑郁，15%轻度抑郁，17%中度抑郁，16%达到严重抑郁的标准。15种图式得分均与抑郁得分呈正相关。比较图式得分与抑郁严重程度可以发现，重度抑郁被试的图式得分均显著高于中度抑郁被试，15个图式中有6个显著高于中度抑郁被试。此外，三种模式（不完美，脆弱，融合关系）与抑郁得分显著正相关，而一种模式（一切都归功于我）似乎是相关抑郁的显著负相关预测因子。这项研究证实了先前关于早期适应不良模式与抑郁症之间联系的研究结果。更重要的是，结果表明，这些模式的重要性随着抑郁症的严重程度而增加。最重要的变化是在人际关系图式上，如“遗弃”或“社会隔离和社会排斥”，以及与个人能力有关的图式，如“失败”或“依赖和无能”。进一步的研究将有必要探索抑郁症作为激活或/和通过加强早期适应不良图式的作用。(C)《脑电图》，巴黎，2011。
Introduction. - Early maladaptive schemas developed during childhood are relatively stable. Once activated, these early maladaptive schemas could influence reality perceptions and create cognitive distortions. Previous studies showed that early maladaptive schemas are linked to depression: early maladaptive schemas could be a risk factor for depression (Young, 2001) and a vulnerability marker for depression (Dozois, 2007).Objectives. - The main objective of the present study was to explore the influence of early maladaptive schemas on depression severity among a French adult population.Method. - One hundred and sixty-two participants (mean age 29 years; SD = 13.86) were enrolled, 66 men (mean age 29 years; SD = 13.65) and 106 women (mean age 30; SD = 14.07). Participants were invited to complete the Young Schema Questionnaire, short version (YSQ-S1-Young 1994) and the Beck depression Inventory, 2nd version (BDI-II-Beck 1994). Fifty-six participants were randomly selected to complete a paper version of the scales, and 95 participants completed an online electronic version.Results. - Fifty-two percent of the participants were not depressed, 15% slightly depressed, 17% moderately depressed and 16% met criteria of severe depression. All 15 schemas scores were positively correlated to depression scores. Comparing schema scores and depression severity it can be noted that for severely depressed participants all schema scores were significantly higher, and six of 15 schemas were significantly higher in the case of moderate depression. In addition, three schemas (imperfection, vulnerability, fusional relation) are significantly and positively linked to depression scores, whereas one schema (everything is owed to me) appears to be a significantly negative predictor of associated depression.Conclusion. This study confirms results of previous research concerning the link between early maladaptive schemas and depression. What is more, the results show that the importance of these schemas increases with depression severity. The most important variation was found on schemas concerning interpersonal relationships like "abandonment" or "social insulation and social exclusion" as well as schemas related to personal competence as for example "failure" or "dependence and incompetence". Further research will be necessary to explore the role of depression as an activator or/and by reinforcing early maladaptive schemas. (C) L'Encephale, Paris, 2011.