Post-Acute Care Setting After Hip Fracture Hospitalization and Subsequent Opioid Use in Older Adults.

Post-Acute Care Setting After Hip Fracture Hospitalization and Subsequent Opioid Use in Older Adults.
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老年人髋部骨折住院和随后使用阿片类药物后的急性后护理环境。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jamda.2023.03.012
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
Zullo,AndrewR
Zullo,AndrewR
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cupp,MeghanA;Beaudoin,FrancescaL;Hayes,KaleenN;Riester,MelissaR;Berry,SarahD;Joshi,Richa;Zullo,AndrewR

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急性期后护理(PAC)中的疼痛管理需要谨慎的平衡,阿片类药物的使用和疼痛治疗不足都与不良结局有关。我们描述了阿片类药物的使用老年人出院后,从PAC髋关节骨折在熟练的护理设施(SNFs)和住院康复设施(IRFs)。设计回顾性队列。设置和患者医疗保险受益人与医疗保险提供者分析(MedPAR)索赔,2012年至2018年期间,66岁及以上的髋部骨折住院,随后在SNF或IRF中接受PAC,然后出院到社区。从PAC出院后随访长达1年,以评估阿片类药物使用情况。PAC出院后7天内阿片类药物使用的协变量标准化风险比(RR)和风险差异(RD)通过参数g公式和改良泊松回归进行估计,任何PAC后阿片类药物使用和长期阿片类药物使用的风险比(HR)通过Fine-Gray子分布风险回归进行估计。(n = 80,495)从SNF出院,20%(n = 20,526)从IRF出院。总共向50,433例患者(50%)分发了阿片类药物,IRF患者(68%)的1年累积发生率明显高于SNF患者(46%)。与IRF相比,SNF后使用阿片类药物从PAC出院的调整后风险降低了41%[RR:0.59; 95%置信限(CL):0.57-0.61; RD:-0.16; 95% CL:-0.17至-0.15]。PAC出院后一年内任何阿片类药物使用的调整率降低了44%(HR:0.56; 95% CL:0.54-0.57)和长期使用阿片类药物的患者比对照组低17%。(HR:0.83; 95% CL:0.80-0.87)后SNFs与IRFs. ConclusionsandImplicationsOpioid使用是非常普遍的出院后,从PAC髋部骨折,与IRF护理相比,SNF后的使用率较低。未来的研究应该评估PAC后阿片类药物处方的益处和危害,以及PAC期间的护理实践是否可以得到改善,以优化长期阿片类药物的使用。
ObjectivePain management in post-acute care (PAC) requires careful balance, with both opioid use and inadequate pain treatment linked to poor outcomes. We describe opioid use among older adults following discharge from PAC for hip fracture in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs).DesignRetrospective cohort.Setting and ParticipantsMedicare beneficiaries with Medicare Provider Analysis (MedPAR) claims, aged 66 years and older with a hip fracture hospitalization between 2012 and 2018 followed by PAC in SNFs or IRFs and then discharge to the community.MethodsIndividuals were followed from PAC discharge for up to 1 year to assess opioid use. Covariate-standardized risk ratios (RR) and risk differences (RD) for opioid use within 7 days of PAC discharge were estimated via parametric g-formula with modified Poisson regression, and hazard ratios (HRs) for any post-PAC opioid use and long-term opioid use via Fine-Gray sub-distribution hazards regression.ResultsOf 101,021 individuals, 80% (n = 80,495) were discharged from SNFs and 20% (n = 20,526) from IRFs. Opioids were dispensed to 50,433 patients (50%) overall and the 1-year cumulative incidence was notably higher in IRF (68%) than SNF (46%) patients. The adjusted risk of discharge from PAC with an opioid was 41% lower after SNFs versus IRFs [RR: 0.59; 95% confidence limits (CLs): 0.57–0.61; and RD: −0.16; 95% CLs: −0.17 to −0.15]. The adjusted rate of any opioid use in the year after PAC discharge was 44% lower (HR: 0.56; 95% CLs: 0.54–0.57) and of long-term opioid use was 17% lower (HR: 0.83; 95% CLs: 0.80–0.87) after SNFs versus IRFs.Conclusions and ImplicationsOpioid use is highly prevalent upon discharge from PAC after hip fracture, with lower use after SNF versus IRF care. Future research should assess the benefits and harms of post-PAC opioid prescribing and whether care practices during PAC can be improved to optimize long-term opioid use.
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未使用阿片类药物的老年患者髋部骨折术后初始阿片类药物类型与长期使用阿片类药物之间的关系
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