Influences of context load and sensibleness of background photographs on local environmental context-dependent recognition
Influences of context load and sensibleness of background photographs on local environmental context-dependent recognition
复制标题
上下文负载和背景照片的敏感性对局部环境上下文相关识别的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2018.04.006
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Yuki Matsuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takeo Isarida;Toshiko K. Isarida;Takayuki Kubota;Miyoko Higuma;Yuki Matsuda
本研究探讨哪种理论可以最好地解释局部环境上下文相关的识别。一种理论（编码特异性原则）认为识别反映了对过去情节的记忆，而另一种理论（ICE：项目上下文集成）认为识别反映了基于熟悉度的判断。在三项实验中，共有 120 名本科生有意研究了叠加在背景照片上的一系列不相关的单词。一半照片包含通常呈现文字的特定区域（敏感照片），另一半则不包含此类区域（非敏感照片）。实验 1、2 和 3 的上下文负载分别为 24、20 和 4。经过 5 分钟的保留间隔后，参与者接受了认知测试。测试中每次随机呈现旧单词和相同数量的新单词，参与者需要回答每个单词是旧单词还是新单词。在相同上下文条件下，测试时在与研究时相同的照片上呈现单词，而在不同上下文条件下，测试时呈现新的背景照片。在实验1和2中，仅在敏感照片中发现了上下文相关的识别歧视，而在非敏感照片中没有发现上下文相关的识别歧视，而在实验3中，敏感和非敏感的照片都显示出显着的上下文相关的识别歧视。实验1和2显示了一致的效果，但在实验3中没有发现误报率的影响。目前的结果表明，局部环境上下文相关的识别存在基于记忆和基于熟悉度的产生机制。上下文负载可以调解从一种到另一种的转变。
The present study explored which theory can best explain local environmental context-dependent recognition. One type of theory (encoding specificity principle) posits that recognition reflects remembering of the past episode, whereas the other theory (ICE: Item Context Ensemble) posits that recognition reflects familiarity-based judgements. In three experiments, a total of 120 undergraduates intentionally studied a list of unrelated words superimposed on background photographs. Half of the photographs contained a specific area where words are typically presented (sensible photographs), and the other half contained no such area (insensible photographs). Context loads were 24, 20, and 4 for Experiments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. After a filled 5-min retention interval, participants received a recognition test. The old words and the same number of new words were randomly presented at test one at a time, and participants were required to respond whether each word was old or new. In the same-context condition, words were presented at test on the same photograph as at study, whereas in the different-context condition, a new background photograph was presented at test. Context-dependent recognition discrimination was found only with the sensible photographs but not with insensible ones in Experiments 1 and 2, whereas both sensible and insensible photographs showed significant context-dependent recognition discrimination in Experiment 3. Experiments 1 and 2 showed the concordant effects, but no effect in the false alarm rate was found in Experiment 3. The present results imply that there are remembering- based and familiarity-based production mechanisms for local environmental context-dependent recognition. The context load may mediate the shift from one to the other.