Evolution of increased Medicaco polymorpha size during invasion does not result in increased competitive ability
Evolution of increased Medicaco polymorpha size during invasion does not result in increased competitive ability
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-018-4168-5
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lau, Jennifer A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Getman-Pickering, Zoe L.;terhorst, Casey P.;Lau, Jennifer A.
入侵新栖息地的物种面临着新的选择压力，这可能导致快速进化，这可能有助于入侵成功和/或增加对土著社区成员的影响。许多研究假设，引进范围内的植物将比原生范围内的植物更大，从而提高竞争能力。在引入的范围内，对较大体型的进化有不同的支持，但很少有研究明确测试进化变化是否会导致群落中其他物种的竞争反应减少或竞争影响增加。在这里，我们表明，引进的多态紫花苜蓿的地上生物量比本地品种多14%，地下生物量多41%，这表明在引进后，大小发生了进化变化。然而，只有在没有竞争的情况下才能观察到这些大小差异。在入侵地区与紫花苜蓿共生的3个物种上，引种和本地引种的竞争效应非常相似。这些结果表明，在生物入侵过程中，进化的大小增加并不一定改变入侵者对其他群落成员的竞争效应，但可能会在干扰或低竞争环境中增加入侵成功。
Species invading new habitats experience novel selection pressures that can lead to rapid evolution, which may contribute to invasion success and/or increased impact on native community members. Many studies have hypothesized that plants in the introduced range will be larger than those in the native range, leading to increases in competitive ability. There is mixed support for evolution of larger sizes in the introduced range, but few studies have explicitly tested whether evolutionary changes result in decreased competitive responses or increased competitive effects on other species in the community. Here, we show that introduced Medicago polymorpha genotypes produced 14% more aboveground and 41% more belowground biomass than genotypes from the native range, suggesting that evolutionary changes in size occurred after introduction. However, these size differences were only observed in the absence of competition. The competitive effects of introduced and native range genotypes on three species that commonly co-occur with Medicago in invaded regions were remarkably similar. These results suggest that evolutionary increases in size during biological invasions do not necessarily alter the competitive effects of the invader on other community members, but may increase invasion success in disturbed or low competition environments.