Polyubiquitin chains: functions, structures, and mechanisms.

Polyubiquitin chains: functions, structures, and mechanisms.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-008-8090-6
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发表时间:
2008-08
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Ye, Y.
Ye, Y.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, W.;Ye, Y.

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泛素是一种高度保守的 76 个氨基酸多肽,遍布真核生物界。泛素(通常以聚合物的形式)与底物的共价结合控制着从蛋白水解到 DNA 损伤耐受等多种生物过程。这种翻译后修饰的功能灵活性源于大量泛素化酶的存在,这些酶催化不同泛素聚合物的形成,进而编码不同的信号。这篇综述总结了该领域的最新进展,重点关注多泛素化的非规范功能。我们还讨论了链连接规范的潜在机制,以及泛素聚合物的结构差异如何通过泛素受体来区分,从而将通用的泛素信号转化为各种细胞功能。
Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76-amino acid polypeptide that is found throughout the eukaryotic kingdom. The covalent conjugation of ubiquitin (often in the form of polymers) to substrates governs a variety of biological processes ranging from proteolysis to DNA damage tolerance. The functional flexibility of this post-translational modification roots in the existence of a large number of ubiquitinating enzymes that catalyze the formation of distinct ubiquitin polymers, which in turn encode different signals. This review summarizes the recent advances in the field with an emphasis on the non-canonical functions of polyubiquitination. We also discuss the potential mechanism of chain linkage specification as well as how structural disparity in ubiquitin polymers may be distinguished by ubiquitin receptors to translate the versatile ubiquitin signals into various cellular functions.
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