Updating and feature overwriting in short-term memory for timbre
Updating and feature overwriting in short-term memory for timbre
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DOI：
10.3758/app.72.8.2289
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
McKeown, Denis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mercer, Tom;McKeown, Denis
以前的研究已经证明了一种有效的，刺激特定形式的干扰短期听觉记忆。这种影响已被解释在术语的混乱和分组，但目前的实验表明，干扰可能是一个功能特定的现象。参与者在10秒的时间间隔内比较标准和比较音调，并被要求确定它们是否在音色上有差异。一个单一的干扰干扰音，提出了50毫秒或8秒后的偏移量的标准（实验1）或2秒之前，其发病（实验2）。分心物的数量不同，它与标准和比较共享的功能，这被证明是至关重要的，因为在任务上的性能大大受损时，分心物要么包括新的，不共享的功能（实验1）或包含比较音的区别特征（实验1和2）。这些发现与早期关于遗忘的解释不一致，但最近的音色记忆模型完全可以解释，该模型将短期听觉记忆的干扰与“更新”过程和特征记忆联系起来。这些结果表明，在口头短期记忆的遗忘的基础机制的相似性。
Previous research has demonstrated a potent, stimulus-specific form of interference in short-term auditory memory. This effect has been interpreted in terms of interitem confusion and grouping, but the present experiments suggested that interference might be a feature-specific phenomenon. Participants compared standard and comparison tones over a 10-sec interval and were required to determine whether they differed in timbre. A single interfering distractor tone was presented either 50 msec or 8 sec after the offset of the standard (Experiment 1) or 2 sec prior to its onset (Experiment 2). The distractor varied in the number of features it shared with the standard and comparison, and this proved critical, since performance on the task was greatly impaired when the distractor either consisted of novel, unshared features (Experiment 1) or contained the distinguishing feature of the comparison tone (Experiments 1 and 2). These findings were incompatible with earlier accounts of forgetting but were fully explicable by the recent timbre memory model, which associates interference in short-term auditory memory with an "updating" process and feature overwriting. These results suggest similarities with the mechanisms that underlie forgetting in verbal short-term memory.