Effect of Biostimulation Using Sewage Sludge, Soybean Meal, and Wheat Straw on Oil Degradation and Bacterial Community Composition in a Contaminated Desert Soil.
Effect of Biostimulation Using Sewage Sludge, Soybean Meal, and Wheat Straw on Oil Degradation and Bacterial Community Composition in a Contaminated Desert Soil.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00240
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Abed RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Kindi S;Abed RM
废弃物因其丰富的营养和经济上的可行性，在石油污染场地的生物修复方面具有很大的潜力。我们使用污水污泥，豆粕，小麦秸秆生物刺激石油降解严重污染的沙漠土壤。虽然通过跟踪产生的CO2和使用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）评估了石油降解，但使用Illumina MiSeq监测了细菌群落组成的变化。添加污泥和小麦秸秆的沙漠土壤刺激的呼吸活动，达到3.2-3.4倍，比未处理的土壤，而添加豆粕导致在产生的CO2的变化不大，考虑到高的呼吸活动的豆粕单独。GC-MS分析显示，添加污泥和小麦秸秆导致降解的C14至C30烷烃增加1.7-1.8倍，相比之下，添加豆粕的情况下仅增加1.3倍。用城市污泥和小麦秸秆处理的土壤中，C14 ~ C30烷烃降解率≥90%。MiSeq测序显示，从未处理的土壤中获得的序列的大部分（总序列的76.5-86.4%）属于α-变形菌门、γ-变形菌门和厚壁菌门。操作分类单元的多变量分析将处理后的土壤细菌群落置于单独的簇中（ANOSIM R = 0.66，P = 0.0001）。细菌群落中最显著的变化是在小麦秸秆处理中，其中95-98%的总序列属于芽孢杆菌。我们的结论是，污水污泥和小麦秸秆是有用的生物刺激剂石油污染的沙漠土壤的清理。
Waste materials have a strong potential in the bioremediation of oil-contaminated sites, because of their richness in nutrients and their economical feasibility. We used sewage sludge, soybean meal, and wheat straw to biostimulate oil degradation in a heavily contaminated desert soil. While oil degradation was assessed by following the produced CO2 and by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), shifts in bacterial community composition were monitored using illumina MiSeq. The addition of sewage sludge and wheat straw to the desert soil stimulated the respiration activities to reach 3.2–3.4 times higher than in the untreated soil, whereas the addition of soybean meal resulted in an insignificant change in the produced CO2, given the high respiration activities of the soybean meal alone. GC–MS analysis revealed that the addition of sewage sludge and wheat straw resulted in 1.7–1.8 fold increase in the degraded C14 to C30 alkanes, compared to only 1.3 fold increase in the case of soybean meal addition. The degradation of ≥90% of the C14 to C30 alkanes was measured in the soils treated with sewage sludge and wheat straw. MiSeq sequencing revealed that the majority (76.5–86.4% of total sequences) of acquired sequences from the untreated soil belonged to Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Firmicutes. Multivariate analysis of operational taxonomic units placed the bacterial communities of the soils after the treatments in separate clusters (ANOSIM R = 0.66, P = 0.0001). The most remarkable shift in bacterial communities was in the wheat straw treatment, where 95–98% of the total sequences were affiliated to Bacilli. We conclude that sewage sludge and wheat straw are useful biostimulating agents for the cleanup of oil-contaminated desert soils.