Characterization of chemical agent transport in paints
Characterization of chemical agent transport in paints
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.041
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发表时间：
2013-09-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Mantooth, Brent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willis, Matthew P.;Gordon, Wesley;Mantooth, Brent
采用真空蒸汽排放测量与质量传输模型相结合的方法来确定化学战剂与各种材料的相互作用，包括涂料中药剂的传输参数。质量传输参数的准确测定使得能够模拟化学剂在材料中的分布，用于净化剂性能建模。评估是用化学战剂双（2-氯乙基）硫化物（蒸馏芥子气，称为化学战起泡剂HD）和O-乙基S-[2-（二异丙基氨基）乙基]甲基硫代膦酸酯（VX），一种有机磷酸盐神经毒剂，沉积在两种不同类型的聚氨酯涂料涂层上。结果表明，实验测量的蒸汽排放通量和预测的蒸汽通量之间的对齐。传质模型表明快速运输VX进入涂层; VX渗透通过脂肪族聚乙烯基涂层（100 μ m）在约107分钟内。通过比较，而HD是更可溶于涂层中，在涂层中的渗透深度约2倍低于VX。质量传输参数的应用包括预测剂吸收的能力，以及随后的长期蒸汽排放或接触转移，其中剂可能存在暴露风险。此外，这些参数和模型使得能够执行去污建模以预测去污剂如何从这些材料中去除试剂。由爱思唯尔公司出版
A combination of vacuum-based vapor emission measurements with a mass transport model was employed to determine the interaction of chemical warfare agents with various materials, including transport parameters of agents in paints. Accurate determination of mass transport parameters enables the simulation of the chemical agent distribution in a material for decontaminant performance modeling. The evaluation was performed with the chemical warfare agents bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (distilled mustard, known as the chemical warfare blister agent HD) and O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate (VX), an organophosphate nerve agent, deposited on to two different types of polyurethane paint coatings. The results demonstrated alignment between the experimentally measured vapor emission flux and the predicted vapor flux. Mass transport modeling demonstrated rapid transport of VX into the coatings; VX penetrated through the aliphatic polyurethane-based coating (100 mu m) within approximately 107 min. By comparison, while HD was more soluble in the coatings, the penetration depth in the coatings was approximately 2x lower than VX. Applications of mass transport parameters include the ability to predict agent uptake, and subsequent long-term vapor emission or contact transfer where the agent could present exposure risks. Additionally, these parameters and model enable the ability to perform decontamination modeling to predict how decontaminants remove agent from these materials. Published by Elsevier B.V.