The jump of the click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae)—energetics and mechanics
The jump of the click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae)—energetics and mechanics
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7998.1973.tb04553.x
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
M. Evans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Evans
对同一标本的两次跳跃的能量学和力学特性进行了研究。都被考虑过了。第一跳，40 mg的甲虫起跳速度为2~4m/S，跳跃动作发生在064ms左右；第二跳，起跳速度为2~26m/S，跳跃动作约为0~53ms。每一次跳跃的能量收支有两种不同的构建方式，每种情况下涉及的总能量估计在1-6×10−4J到3-8×10−4J之间。跳跃动作(弹射器)的功率输出在80×103W/kg肌肉到180×103W/kg肌肉之间，而跳跃前储能阶段(约0-4 S)的功率输出至少为130W/kg肌肉(在25°C以上)。还计算了跳跃肌肉及其突起的力和拉应力。跳跃的方法似乎效率相当低，因为在跳跃动作中消耗的能量中只有50%-60%是平移能量，这实际上是提高甲虫的能量。
Some aspects of the energetics and mechanics of two jumps made by a single specimen of Athous haemorrhoidalis (Fab.) are considered. In the first jump, the 40 mg beetle had a take-off velocity of 2–4 m/s and the jumping action occurred in about 064 ms; in the second jump, the take/off velocity was 2–26 m/s and the jumping action took about 0–53 ms. Energy budgets have been constructed in two different ways for each jump, and the total energy involved in each case was estimated to lie between 1–6 × 10−4 J and 3–8 × 10−4 J. Power output during the jumping action (a “catapult”) lay between 80 × 103 W/kg muscle and 180 × 103 W/kg muscle, whilst power output during the energy storing pre-jump period (of about 0–4 s) was at least 130 W/kg muscle (at over 25°C). Forces and tensile stresses in the jumping muscles and their apodemes have also been calculated. The method of jumping appears to be fairly inefficient in that only about 50–60% of the energy expended in the jumping action is energy of translation, which actually raises the beetle.