Social capital and self-rated health: A contextual analysis
Social capital and self-rated health: A contextual analysis
复制标题
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.89.8.1187
复制
发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Glass, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawachi, I;Kennedy, BP;Glass, R
目标。社会资本由促进集体行动的社会组织特征组成，例如公民之间的信任、互惠规范和群体成员资格。本文报告了对社会资本和个人自评健康的背景分析，并对个人家庭收入、健康行为和其他协变量进行了调整。方法。对居住在美国 39 个州的 167,259 名个人进行了自我评价健康状况（“您的整体健康状况是优秀、非常好、良好、一般还是较差？”），这些个人通过行为风险因素监测系统进行抽样，并从综合社会调查中获得了汇总到州一级的社会资本指标。结果。个人因素（例如低收入、低教育程度、吸烟）与自评健康状况不佳密切相关。然而，即使在对这些近端变量进行调整后，仍发现低社会资本对自评健康状况不佳风险的背景影响。例如，与生活在高信任度国家相比，生活在社会信任度最低的地区的健康状况一般或较差的优势比为 1.41（95% 置信区间 = 1.33, 1.50）。结论。这些结果扩展了先前关于社会资本带来的健康优势的发现。
Objectives. Social capital consists of features of social organization- such as trust between citizens, norms of reciprocity, and group membership-that facilitate collective action. This article reports a contextual analysis of social capital and individual self-rated health, with adjustment for individual household income, health behaviors, and other covariates.Methods. Self-rated health ("Is your overall health excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?") was assessed among 167 259 individuals residing in 39 US states, sampled by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Social capital indicators, aggregated to the state level, were obtained from the General Social Surveys.Results. Individual-level factors (e.g., low income, low education, smoking) were strongly associated with self-rated poor health. However, even after adjustment for these proximal variables, a contextual effect of low social capital on risk of self-rated poor health was found. For example, the odds ratio for fair or poor health associated with living in areas with the lowest levels of social trust was 1.41 (95% confidence interval = 1.33, 1.50) compared with living in high-trust states.Conclusions. These results extend previous findings on the health advantages stemming from social capital.