Leveraging the power of place in citizen science for effective conservation decision making
Leveraging the power of place in citizen science for effective conservation decision making
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.019
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gallo, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Newman, G.;Chandler, M.;Gallo, J.
许多公民科学项目都是以地方为基础的-建立在亲自参与的基础上，并受到当地保护的激励。如果经过深思熟虑，这种公民科学的方法可以改变人类及其环境。尽管存在这些可能性，但许多项目仍难以满足决策者的需求，生成有用的数据来为决策提供信息，并提高社会生态恢复力。在这里，我们定义了利用公民科学中的“地方力量”，并强调这样做可以改善保护决策，提高参与度，并提高社区恢复力。首先，我们探讨“地点”，并确定五个方面：社会生态，叙事和名称为基础的，知识为基础的，情感和情感，和表演。然后，我们主题分析134个案例研究从CitSci.org（n = 39），管理网络新英格兰（TSN-NE; n = 39），和地球观察（n = 56）关于：（1）使用材料的地方尺寸（作为一个指标，利用地方的力量），（2）在决策中使用数据的意图，和（3）这种使用的证据。我们发现，89%的项目打算使用数据，46%没有使用证据，54%提供了一些使用证据。此外，决策中使用的项目比决策中不使用的项目（（x）在条上=1.8; s = 1.2）利用更多（t = 4.8，df = 117; p < 0.001）地点维度（（x）在条上= 3.0; s = 1.4）。此外，主成分分析确定了三个相关的组成部分（美学，叙事和名称为基础，和社会生态）。鉴于这些发现，我们提出了一个框架，利用公民科学项目和平台的地方，并建议方法，以更好地传授预期的结果。我们讨论了公民科学的相关性，参与性，弹性和可扩展性，并得出结论，有效的决策作为一种手段，实现更有弹性和可持续的社区可以通过利用公民科学的地方的力量得到加强。(c)2016作者爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Many citizen science projects are place-based - built on in-person participation and motivated by local conservation. When done thoughtfully, this approach to citizen science can transform humans and their environment. Despite such possibilities, many projects struggle to meet decision-maker needs, generate useful data to inform decisions, and improve social-ecological resilience. Here, we define leveraging the 'power of place' in citizen science, and posit that doing this improves conservation decision making, increases participation, and improves community resilience. First, we explore 'place' and identify five place dimensions: social-ecological, narrative and name-based, knowledge-based, emotional and affective, and performative. We then thematically analyze 134 case studies drawn from CitSci.org (n = 39), The Stewardship Network New England (TSN-NE; n = 39), and Earthwatch (n = 56) regarding: (1) use of place dimensions in materials (as one indication of leveraging the power of place), (2) intent for use of data in decision-making, and (3) evidence of such use. We find that 89% of projects intend for data to be used, 46% demonstrate no evidence of use, and 54% provide some evidence of use. Moreover, projects used in decision making leverage more (t = 4.8, df = 117; p < 0.001) place dimensions ((x) over bar= 3.0; s = 1.4) than those not used in decision making ((x) over bar =1.8; s =1.2). Further, a Principal Components Analysis identifies three related components (aesthetic, narrative and name-based, and social-ecological). Given these findings, we present a framework for leveraging place in citizen science projects and platforms, and recommend approaches to better impart intended outcomes. We discuss place in citizen science related to relevance, participation, resilience, and scalability and conclude that effective decision making as a means towards more resilient and sustainable communities can be strengthened by leveraging the power of place in citizen science. (c) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.