Teaching Case: Introduction to NoSQL in a Traditional Database Course
Teaching Case: Introduction to NoSQL in a Traditional Database Course
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教学案例：传统数据库课程NoSQL介绍
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发表时间：
2016
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通讯作者：
Margaret M. Geddy
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文献类型：
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作者：
Brady Fowler;Joy Godin;Margaret M. Geddy
1.在传统的结构化查询语言（SQL）数据库管理课程的背景下，学生将学习围绕典型的SQL关系数据库，如实体，关系，规范化和数据结构的概念和技能。他们还学习SQL通常用于创建表并将数据存储到数据库中，并且他们需要查询数据以从中构建知识。一旦学生学习如何查询传统数据库，他们将被引入到NoSQL数据库管理系统。NoSQL是一种相对较新的技术，许多公司都使用它来收集大数据，大数据正在迅速成为现代信息系统不可或缺的一部分。数据存储的低成本加上基于云的基础设施，不仅允许大型跨国组织，而且允许中小型企业利用大数据（珀塞尔，2014）。大数据也正在成为当今许多Web应用程序的重要方面。社交媒体网站每天都在存储大量数据。例如，Facebook每月记录1350亿条消息，Twitter每天存储7 TB的数据。使用大数据的一些挑战是确定如何处理数据收集的速度，并决定最有效的存储数据的方式。在许多情况下，传统的SQL数据库处理数据的速度不够快。在其他情况下，传统的关系数据库结构不够灵活，无法处理不同的数据类型和收集数据的不一致方式。为了应对这些挑战，谷歌、Facebook、Twitter和亚马逊等主要互联网公司正在转向NoSQL数据库。NoSQL这个术语是在90年代后期创造的，意思是“不仅仅是SQL”，描述了非关系数据库系统（贝格，Seymour和Goel，2013）。NoSQL数据库允许存储和使用大量可变和非结构化数据。这些数据库的常见用途是会话存储、用户配置文件存储、移动的应用程序、电子商务和第三方数据聚合（Meijer和Bierman，2011; Moniruzzaman和Hossain，2013; Stonebraker，2010）。由于大数据的挑战，信息系统（IS）的学生需要对NoSQL数据库如何在现代信息环境中工作有一个基本的了解。这种需求在采用基于云的基础设施时尤为重要，这使得在他们的职业生涯中使用这种数据库的可能性很大。因此，清楚地了解NoSQL数据库是什么样子，它与传统SQL数据库的区别以及如何使用非传统数据库对于IS大学专业来说是必要的。本文介绍了一个在现有的传统关系数据库课程中增加NoSQL课程的教学案例。这个NoSQL教学案例包括将教学模块集成到传统数据库管理课程中的说明。将这个NoSQL教学案例推广到本科和研究生数据库管理课程中，将使学生体验到这种新兴技术。该案例使用CouchDB（Couchdb.apache.org），这是一种开源NoSQL数据库管理系统软件，学生可以安装在个人电脑上，也可以作为基于云的服务使用。2.《MIS Quarterly》的主编A Brief Review OF THE Literature Goes（2014）指出，在理解大数据、其挑战和潜力方面存在行业差距。在过去的几年里，大数据已经成为信息技术领域的一个新趋势，因为各行各业的数据组织正在产生，收集，存储和分析越来越多的数据。Goes进一步解释说，IS集团通过提供专门从事数据和业务分析的学术课程来认识到这一行业差距，这些课程旨在培养学生在数据科学方面的技能。术语“大数据”描述的数据集如此庞大和复杂，以至于难以使用传统的处理应用程序进行处理。…
1. INTRODUCTION In the context of a traditional Structured Query Language (SQL) database management course, students will learn concepts and skills geared around typical SQL relational databases, such as entities, relationships, normalization, and data structuring. They also learn SQL is typically used to create tables and store data into databases, and that they will need to query data in order to build knowledge from them. Once the students learn how to query traditional databases, they will be introduced to a NoSQL database management system. NoSQL is a relatively new technology that many companies use to collect big data, which is quickly becoming an integral part of modern information systems. The low cost of data storage coupled with cloud based infrastructures allows not only the major, multinational organizations, but also small and medium enterprises to utilize big data (Purcell, 2014). Big data is also becoming an essential aspect of many of today's web applications. Social media sites are storing massive amounts of data on a daily basis. For instance, Facebook logs 135 billion messages per month, and Twitter stores seven terabytes of data every day. Some of the challenges in the use of big data are in identifying how to handle the velocity at which data are collected and deciding the most effective way to store the data. In many cases, traditional SQL databases cannot process data fast enough. In other cases, traditional relational database structures are not flexible enough to handle the varying data types and the inconsistent manner in which the data are collected. To deal with these challenges, major Internet companies, like Google, Facebook, Twitter, and Amazon, are moving to NoSQL databases. The term, NoSQL, coined in the late 90's to mean "Not Only SQL," describes non-relational database systems (Berg, Seymour, and Goel, 2013). NoSQL databases allow for large amounts of variable and unstructured data to be stored and used. Common uses for these databases are session stores, user profile stores, mobile apps, e-commerce, and third-party data aggregation (Meijer and Bierman, 2011; Moniruzzaman and Hossain, 2013; Stonebraker, 2010). Because of the challenges of big data, Information Systems (IS) students need to develop a basic understanding of how NoSQL databases work in modern information environments. This need is especially significant with the adoption of cloud-based infrastructures, which makes using this kind of database very likely during their careers. So, a clear understanding of what a NoSQL database looks like, how it differs from a traditional SQL database, and how to use the non-traditional database is necessary for IS college majors in the near future. This paper presents a teaching case for adding a NoSQL lesson to an existing traditional relational database course. This NoSQL teaching case includes instructions on integrating the teaching module into a traditional database management course. Incorporating this NoSQL teaching case into both undergraduate and graduate database management courses will give students experience with this emerging technology. The case uses CouchDB (Couchdb.apache.org), an open source NoSQL database management system software that students can either install on their personal computers or use as a cloud-based service. 2. A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Goes (2014), editor-in-chief of MIS Quarterly, identified an industry gap in the understanding of big data, its challenges, and its potentials. In the past several years, big data has emerged as a new trend in the field of information technology because of the increasing amounts of data organizations in all sectors are generating, collecting, storing, and analyzing. Goes further explains IS groups are acknowledging this industry gap by offering academic programs specializing in data and business analytics that develop students' skills in data science. The term, big data, describes datasets so large and complex that they are difficult to process using traditional processing applications. …