The development of visual search in infants and very young children
The development of visual search in infants and very young children
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DOI：
10.1006/jecp.2001.2649
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rovee-Collier, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerhardstein, P;Rovee-Collier, C
在两个实验中，90名1至3岁的儿童接受了一项新的非语言任务的训练，让他们触摸显示一个独特目标的视频屏幕，这个屏幕看起来像一个受欢迎的电视角色。目标出现在不同数量的干扰中，这些干扰类似于另一个熟悉的电视角色，并且要么是一个独特的颜色形状(特征搜索任务)，要么是一个独特的颜色-形状组合(连接搜索任务)。每一个正确的回答都会触发一个声音，并在屏幕上产生四个动画对象。无论年龄和实验设计(被试之间或被试内)，儿童的反应时(RT)模式与成人在相应的搜索任务中获得的模式相似：特征搜索的反应时斜率是平坦的，与分心物数无关，而联合搜索的反应时斜率随着分心物数的增加而线性增加。这些结果将成人的视觉搜索效应扩展到婴儿和非常年幼的儿童，并表明视觉搜索背后的基本知觉过程在个体发育过程中是定性不变的。(C)2002年爱思唯尔科学公司。
In two experiments, 90 1- to 3-year-olds were trained in a new nonverbal task to touch a video screen that displayed a unique target resembling a popular television character. The target appeared among varying numbers of distractors that resembled another familiar television character and was either a uniquely colored shape (the feature search task) or a unique color-shape combination (the conjunction search task). Each correct response triggered a sound and produced four animated objects on the screen. Irrespective of age and experimental design (between-subjects or within-subjects), children's reaction time (RT) patterns resembled those obtained froth adults in corresponding search tasks: The RT slope for feature search was flat and independent of distractor number, whereas the RT slope for conjunction search increased linearly with distractor number. These results extend visual search effects found with adults to infants and very young children and suggest that the basic perceptual processes underlying visual search are qualitatively invariant over ontogeny. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science.