Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Debriefings in Medical Simulation: More Best Practices
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Debriefings in Medical Simulation: More Best Practices
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DOI：
10.1016/s1553-7250(15)41016-5
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Salas, Eduardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lyons, Rebecca;Lazzara, Elizabeth H.;Salas, Eduardo
背景：团队合作是最佳患者护理的重要组成部分。在临床环境和医学教育中，采用多种方法来培养团队合作技能。然而，为了让团队成员从这些体验式学习机会中获得充分的教育效益，必须纳入有关团队表现的模拟后反馈。汇报是有关团队绩效的最广泛使用的反馈形式之一。团队汇报是在行动期结束后团队成员之间进行的一种促进或引导的对话，以审查和反思团队绩效。团队成员讨论他们对发生的事情、发生原因以及如何提高绩效的看法。模拟汇报可以比在后勤上可行的在职绩效实现更好的控制和规划。它的独特之处还在于，基于模拟的培训的主持人通常是团队外部的个人，而工作汇报通常由内部团队成员领导或在没有指定主持人的情况下进行。因此，为团队模拟活动选择和培训主持人的机会更大。 十三个最佳实践：从现有培训和汇报研究中提取的 13 个最佳实践分为三大类：(1) 准备汇报，(2) 汇报期间主持人的职责，以及 (3) 汇报内容的考虑因素。对于每个最佳实践，提供了考虑因素和实际影响，以促进建议实践的实施。结论：本文中提出的 13 个最佳实践应该通过指导团队模拟管理员、自我指导医疗团队和情况汇报主持人优化情况汇报来帮助医疗保健组织，以支持所有团队成员的学习。
Background: Teamwork is a vital component of optimal patient care. In both clinical settings and medical education, a variety of approaches are used for the development of teamwork skills. Yet, for team members to receive the full educational benefit of these experiential learning opportunities, postsimulation feedback regarding the team's performance must be incorporated. Debriefings are among the most widely used form of feedback regarding team performance. A team debriefing is a facilitated or guided dialogue that takes place between team members following an action period to review and reflect on team performance. Team members discuss their perceptions of what occurred, why it occurred, and how they can enhance their performance. Simulation debriefing allows for greater control and planning than are logistically feasible for on-the-job performance. It is also unique in that facilitators of simulation-based training are generally individuals external to the team, whereas debriefing on the job is commonly led by an internal team member or conducted without a specified facilitator. Consequently, there is greater opportunity for selecting and training facilitators for team simulation events.Thirteen Best Practices: The 13 best practices, extracted from existing training and debriefing research, are organized under three general categories: (1) preparing for debriefing, (2) facilitator responsibilities during debriefing, and (3) considerations for debriefing content. For each best practice, considerations and practical implications are provided to facilitate the implementation of the recommended practices.Conclusion: The 13 best practices presented in this article should help health care organizations by guiding team simulation administrators, self-directed medical teams, and debriefing facilitators in the optimization of debriefing to support learning for all team members.