A framework for robust and flexible handling of inputs with uncertainty
A framework for robust and flexible handling of inputs with uncertainty
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用于稳健且灵活地处理不确定性输入的框架
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Andrew D. Wilson
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作者：
Julia Schwarz;Scott E. Hudson;Jennifer Mankoff;Andrew D. Wilson
新的输入技术(如触摸)、基于识别的输入(如笔势)和下一代交互(如不精确的交互)都有望实现更自然的用户界面。然而，这些技术都产生了一些不确定性的输入。不幸的是，传统基础设施缺乏一种轻松处理不确定性的方法，因此这些技术产生的输入往往会尽快转换为常规事件，导致交互体验受阻。我们提出了一个框架，用于以系统、可扩展和易于操作的方式处理具有不确定性的输入。为了说明这一框架，我们提供了几个传统的交互因素，它们已经被扩展，以提供关于不确定输入的反馈，并考虑到最终输入将被判断为错误的可能性(或者最终到达不同的交互因素)。我们的六个演示包括可以使用触摸输入操作的小按钮，可以处理语音输入的多种解释的文本框，可以对错误放置的输入做出响应的滚动条，以及对运动障碍者更容易点击的按钮。我们的框架通过选择可能的目标交互行为者、交互行为者的解释、生成要采取的(不确定的)候选操作以及(以一种懒惰的方式)决定哪些操作应该成为最终操作的中介过程来支持所有这些交互。
New input technologies (such as touch), recognition based input (such as pen gestures) and next-generation interactions (such as inexact interaction) all hold the promise of more natural user interfaces. However, these techniques all create inputs with some uncertainty. Unfortunately, conventional infrastructure lacks a method for easily handling uncertainty, and as a result input produced by these technologies is often converted to conventional events as quickly as possible, leading to a stunted interactive experience. We present a framework for handling input with uncertainty in a systematic, extensible, and easy to manipulate fashion. To illustrate this framework, we present several traditional interactors which have been extended to provide feedback about uncertain inputs and to allow for the possibility that in the end that input will be judged wrong (or end up going to a different interactor). Our six demonstrations include tiny buttons that are manipulable using touch input, a text box that can handle multiple interpretations of spoken input, a scrollbar that can respond to inexactly placed input, and buttons which are easier to click for people with motor impairments. Our framework supports all of these interactions by carrying uncertainty forward all the way through selection of possible target interactors, interpretation by interactors, generation of (uncertain) candidate actions to take, and a mediation process that decides (in a lazy fashion) which actions should become final.