Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Aplysina cavernicola
Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Aplysina cavernicola
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00816.x
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hacker, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hentschel, U;Schmid, M;Hacker, J
本研究的目的是从海洋海绵 Aplysina aerophoba 和 cavrenicola 中分离出具有抗菌活性的细菌。根据 16S rDNA 基因的比较序列分析，获得的 27 个分离株可分为 8 个系统发育不同的簇。海绵分离株属于低G+C革兰氏阳性菌（芽孢杆菌）和高G+C革兰氏阳性菌（节杆菌、微球菌），以及α-变形菌门（未知分离株）和γ-变形菌门（弧菌、假交替单胞菌）。鉴定出一种新的芽孢杆菌属物种，并且有两个物种与以前未表征的菌株密切相关。具有抗菌活性的分离菌在数量上最丰富的是假交替单胞菌属和α-变形菌属。海绵分离物对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性参考菌株显示出抗菌活性，但对真菌白色念珠菌没有抗菌活性。观察到的一般模式是革兰氏阳性菌抑制革兰氏阳性菌株，而革兰氏阴性菌抑制革兰氏阴性分离株。还发现了针对临床分离株的抗菌活性，即从医院患者中分离出的多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌菌株。具有抗菌活性的菌株的高回收率表明，海洋海绵代表了一个生态位，其中蕴藏着迄今为止很大程度上未表征的微生物多样性，同时还具有尚未开发的代谢潜力。 (C) 2001 年欧洲微生物学会联合会。由 Elsevier Science B.V. 出版。保留所有权利。
The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the marine sponges Aplysina aerophoba and cavrenicola. The obtained 27 isolates could be subdivided into eight phylogenetically different clusters based on comparative sequence analysis of their 16S rDNA genes. The sponge isolates were affiliated with the low (Bacillus) and high G+C Gram-positive bacteria (Arthobacter, Micrococcus), as well as the alpha -Proteobacteria (unknown isolate) and gamma -Proteobacteria (Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas). One novel Bacillus species was identified and two species were closely related to previously uncharacterized strains. Isolates with antimicrobial activity were numerically most abundant in the genera Pseudoalteromonas and the alpha -Proteobacteria. The sponge isolates show antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative reference strains but not against the fungus Candida albicans. A general pattern was observed in that Gram-positive bacteria inhibited Gram-positive strains while Gram-negative bacteria inhibited Gram-negative isolates. Antimicrobial activities were also found against clinical isolates, i.e. multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from hospital patients. The high recovery of strains with antimicrobial activity suggests that marine sponges represent an ecological niche which harbors a hitherto largely uncharacterized microbial diversity and, concomitantly, a yet untapped metabolic potential. (C) 2001 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.