Dietary modification of human macular pigment density.
Dietary modification of human macular pigment density.
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发表时间：
1997-08
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
B. Hammond;E. Johnson;R. Russell;N. Krinsky;K. Yeum;R. Edwards;D. Snodderly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Hammond;E. Johnson;R. Russell;N. Krinsky;K. Yeum;R. Edwards;D. Snodderly
目的 形成黄斑色素 (MP) 的视网膜类胡萝卜素叶黄素 (L) 和玉米黄质 (Z) 可能有助于预防新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性。本研究的目的是确定是否可以通过增加食物中 L 和 Z 的膳食摄入量来提高视网膜中的 MP 密度。方法 对 13 名受试者进行心理物理测量黄斑色素。通过高效液相色谱法测量 L、Z 和 β-胡萝卜素的血清浓度。 11 名受试者改变了他们的日常饮食，添加了 60 克菠菜（10.8 毫克·升，0.3 毫克 Z，5 毫克 β-胡萝卜素），另外 10 名受试者还添加了 150 克玉米（0.3 毫克·升，0.4 毫克·升）；另外两名受试者只吃玉米。饮食调整持续长达15周。结果 对于喂食菠菜或菠菜和玉米的受试者，确定了对饮食调整的三种类型的反应： 八名“视网膜反应者”的血清 L（平均值，33%；SD，22%）和 MP 密度（平均值，19%；SD，11%）增加；两名“视网膜无反应者”显示血清 L 显着增加（平均 31%），但 MP 密度没有显着增加（平均 -11%）；一名“血清和视网膜无反应者”显示血清 L、Z 或 β-胡萝卜素没有变化，MP 密度也没有变化。对于仅给予玉米的两名受试者，血清 L 变化很小（+11%，-6%），但在一名受试者中，血清 Z 增加（70%），MP 密度增加（25%）。结论 大多数（但不是全部）受试者在饮食调整后 4 周内 MP 密度有所增加。当 MP 密度随着饮食改变而增加时，在恢复未改变饮食后至少几个月内仍保持升高状态。对于许多人来说，在实验和临床研究中增强 MP 似乎是可行的。
PURPOSE The retinal carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) that form the macular pigment (MP) may help to prevent neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MP density in the retina could be raised by increasing dietary intake of L and Z from foods. METHODS Macular pigment was measured psychophysically for 13 subjects. Serum concentrations of L, Z, and beta-carotene were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Eleven subjects modified their usual daily diets by adding 60 g of spinach (10.8 mg L, 0.3 mg Z, 5 mg beta-carotene) and ten also added 150 g of corn (0.3 mg Z, 0.4 mg L); two other subjects were given only corn. Dietary modification lasted up to 15 weeks. RESULTS For the subjects fed spinach or spinach and corn, three types of responses to dietary modification were identified: Eight "retinal responders" had increases in serum L (mean, 33%; SD, 22%) and in MP density (mean, 19%; SD, 11%); two "retinal nonresponders" showed substantial increases in serum L (mean, 31%) but not in MP density (mean, -11%); one "serum and retinal nonresponder" showed no changes in serum L, Z, or beta-carotene and no change in MP density. For the two subjects given only corn, serum L changed little (+11%, -6%), but in one subject serum Z increased (70%) and MP density increased (25%). CONCLUSIONS Increases in MP density were obtained within 4 weeks of dietary modification for most, but not all, subjects. When MP density increased with dietary modification, it remained elevated for at least several months after resuming an unmodified diet. Augmentation of MP for both experimental and clinical investigation appears to be feasible for many persons.