Resistance and tolerance to foreign elements by prokaryotic immune systems - curating the genome.
Resistance and tolerance to foreign elements by prokaryotic immune systems - curating the genome.
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DOI：
10.1038/nri3910
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Marraffini LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goldberg GW;Marraffini LA
为了进行适应性共生或遗传交换，生物体必须与外来的、非自我的元素相互作用，尽管存在捕食和寄生的风险。通过调查自我和非自我之间的界面，免疫系统可以帮助确保这些相互作用的仁慈，而不会完全隔离它们的宿主。在这篇文章中，我们研究了原核限制性修饰和CRISPR-Cas活性，并讨论了它们与哺乳动物免疫途径的相似性。我们进一步解释了他们的抵抗力和耐受性的能力是如何优化的，以减少寄生虫和免疫病理学在遇到非自我。
In order to engage in adaptive symbioses or genetic exchange, organisms must interact with foreign, non-self elements despite the risks of predation and parasitism. By surveying the interface between self and non-self, immune systems can help ensure the benevolence of these interactions without isolating their hosts altogether. In this Essay, we examine prokaryotic restriction-modification and CRISPR–Cas activities and discuss their analogy to mammalian immune pathways. We further explain how their capacities for resistance and tolerance are optimized to reduce parasitism and immunopathology during encounters with non-self.