Why Open Source?: Exploring the Motivations of Using an Open Model for Hardware Development
Why Open Source?: Exploring the Motivations of Using an Open Model for Hardware Development
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为什么选择开源？：探索使用开放模型进行硬件开发的动机
DOI：
10.1115/detc2017-68195
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Wallace
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhuoxuan Li;W. Seering;J. Ramos;Maria C. Yang;D. Wallace
随着开源模型在软件领域的成功采用，开源正在成为硬件开发中的一种新的设计范式。有形产品的开源模型仍处于起步阶段，需要进行许多研究以证明其在营利性产品开发中的应用。这是一个诱人的问题，为什么企业家决定使用一个开放的模式来开发他们的产品在风险和未知的，如侵权和社区管理。本文的目的是调查开源硬件公司的创业动机。我们采访了23家公司的领导者和创始人，以了解他们创建基于开源硬件的公司的动机和经验。基于这些访谈，我们生成了一个层次框架来解释这些动机，其中每个层次的框架已经定义，解释和说明与代表性的报价。本文将开源行为的动机分为两类：1）内在动机，描述了企业家作为个体的动机，他需要个人满足、享受以及利他和互惠; 2）外在动机，描述了企业家作为营利性公司领导者的动机。
Following the successful adoption of the open source model in the software realm, open source is becoming a new design paradigm in hardware development. Open source models for tangible products are still in its infancy, and many studies are required to demonstrate its application to for-profit product development. It is an alluring question why entrepreneurs decide to use an open model to develop their products under risks and unknowns, such as infringement and community management. The goal of this paper is to investigate the motivations of entrepreneurs of open source hardware companies. The leaders and founders of twentythree companies were interviewed to understand their motivation and experiences in creating a company based on open source hardware. Based on these interviews, we generated a hierarchical framework to explain these motivations, where each level of the framework has been defined, explained and illustrated with representative quotes. The motivations of open source action are framed by two categories in the paper: 1) Intrinsic Motivation, which describes the motivations of an entrepreneur as an individual, who needs personal satisfaction, enjoyment as well as altruism and reciprocity; 2) Extrinsic Motivation, which describes motivations of an entrepreneur whose identity is as a for-profit company leader.