Spatial equity in facilities providing low- or no-fee screening mammography in Chicago neighborhoods.
Spatial equity in facilities providing low- or no-fee screening mammography in Chicago neighborhoods.
复制标题
在芝加哥社区提供低收费或免费乳腺 X 光检查的设施空间公平。
DOI：
10.1007/s11524-005-9023-4
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sun,Jiaming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zenk,ShannonN;Tarlov,Elizabeth;Sun,Jiaming
最近的研究表明，生活在经济上处于不利地位的社区与接受乳房X光检查的可能性降低和晚期乳腺癌诊断风险增加有关。对于生活在经济上处于不利地位的城市社区的妇女来说，到提供低费用或免费乳房X光检查的设施的距离和旅行时间可能是遵守乳房X光检查建议的重要障碍，其中非洲裔美国人的比例不成比例。本研究的目的是检查设施的空间分布是否提供低或免费的筛查乳腺X射线摄影在芝加哥，伊利诺伊州，是公平的基础上邻里的社会经济和种族特征。我们发现，通过汽车和公共交通工具到设施的距离和旅行时间通常会随着社区贫困的增加而减少。然而，我们也发现，社区贫困水平和两个空间可达性措施的距离和公共交通出行时间之间的关联强度在非洲裔美国人社区不太强。在最需要设施的社区中（即，贫困居民比例最高的社区），非洲裔美国人社区的出行距离和公共交通出行时间比非洲裔美国人居民比例较少的社区更长。因此，在芝加哥，低收费和免费乳房X线检查服务的空间可及性似乎是不公平的。鉴于持续存在的社会差距，如乳腺癌的结果，这些研究结果表明，重要的是研究人员检查卫生资源的空间分布的社会经济和种族特征的城市社区。
Recent research suggests living in an economically disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with decreased likelihood of undergoing mammography and increased risk of late-stage breast cancer diagnosis. Long distances and travel times to facilities offering low- or no-fee mammography may be important barriers to adherence to mammography screening recommendations for women living in economically disadvantaged urban neighborhoods, in which African–Americans are disproportionately represented. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the spatial distribution of facilities providing low- or no-fee screening mammography in Chicago, Illinois, is equitable on the basis of neighborhood socioeconomic and racial characteristics. We found that distance and travel times via automobile and public transportation to facilities generally decrease as neighborhood poverty increases. However, we also found that the strength of the association between neighborhood poverty level and two of the spatial accessibility measures—distance and public transportation travel time—is less strong in African–American neighborhoods. Among neighborhoods with the greatest need for facilities (i.e., neighborhoods with the highest proportions of residents in poverty), African–American neighborhoods have longer travel distances and public transportation travel times than neighborhoods with proportionately fewer African–American residents. Thus, it appears that the spatial accessibility of low- and no-fee mammography services is inequitable in Chicago. In view of persistent social disparities in health such as breast cancer outcomes, these findings suggest it is important for researchers to examine the spatial distribution of health resources by both the socioeconomic and racial characteristics of urban neighborhoods.