Role of Small GTPase RhoA in DNA Damage Response.

Role of Small GTPase RhoA in DNA Damage Response.
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DOI:
10.3390/biom11020212
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发表时间:
2021-02-03
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Li E
Li E
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cheng C;Seen D;Zheng C;Zeng R;Li E

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越来越多的证据表明,除了其传统的调节细胞形态的功能外,小GT3 Ras同源基因家族成员A(RhoA)在DNA损伤反应(DDR)中的作用。在DDR中,DNA修复的2个关键组分,共济失调毛细血管扩张突变(ATM)和皮瓣结构特异性内切核酸酶1(FEN 1),沿着细胞内活性氧(ROS),已被证明可调节RhoA激活。此外,Rho特异性鸟嘌呤交换因子(GEF)、神经上皮转化基因1(Net 1)和上皮细胞转化序列2(Ect 2)在DDR中具有特异性功能,并且它们还参与Ras相关的C3肉毒杆菌毒素底物1(Rac 1)/RhoA相互作用,这一过程在DDR中很大程度上未被认识,但可能具有重要意义。在RhoA下游,目前的证据突出了其在介导细胞周期停滞中的作用,这是DNA修复的重要步骤。解开RhoA调节DDR的机制可能会提供对DDR本身的更多见解,并可能有助于癌症疗法的未来发展。
Accumulating evidence has suggested a role of the small GTPase Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) in DNA damage response (DDR) in addition to its traditional function of regulating cell morphology. In DDR, 2 key components of DNA repair, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 (FEN1), along with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to regulate RhoA activation. In addition, Rho-specific guanine exchange factors (GEFs), neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (Net1) and epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2), have specific functions in DDR, and they also participate in Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)/RhoA interaction, a process which is largely unappreciated yet possibly of significance in DDR. Downstream of RhoA, current evidence has highlighted its role in mediating cell cycle arrest, which is an important step in DNA repair. Unraveling the mechanism by which RhoA modulates DDR may provide more insight into DDR itself and may aid in the future development of cancer therapies.
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