Precipitation types in winter storms
Precipitation types in winter storms
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00877456
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发表时间：
1985-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
R. Stewart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Stewart
讨论了雪、雨、冰粒和冻雨的特征和演变。降水类型及其大小分布和范围的性质与雪的融化行为有关。模式计算结果显示了降水类型从冻雨到冰粒，最后到雪的演变过程，因为融化系统地侵蚀了大约5小时内的上层逆温，降水率为1 mm h−1。此外，与冰粒形成相关的低水平冰点以下区域的温度升高（高达0.01 °C）应该是可检测的。这些相变之间的各种降水类型，受大气冷却融化，预计发生在中尺度距离。
The characteristics of and the evolution between snow, rain, ice pellets, and freezing rain are discussed. Precipitation type and the nature of its size distribution and extent are related to the melting behaviour of snow. Model calculations of this melting show the progression of precipitation type from freezing rain to ice pellets and finally to snow, as melting systematically erodes an upper level inversion within about 5 h for a precipitation rate of 1mm h−1. The increase in temperature of the low level subfreezing region associated with ice pellet formation (up to ≈ 1°C) should furthermore be detectable. These phase transitions between the various precipitation types, as affected by atmospheric cooling by melting, are predicted to occur over mesoscale distances.