Slaves speak pseudo‐Toohoku‐ben: The representation of minorities in the Japanese translation of Gone with the Wind1
Slaves speak pseudo‐Toohoku‐ben: The representation of minorities in the Japanese translation of Gone with the Wind1
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奴隶说伪东北本：日文版《乱世佳人》中少数民族的代表1
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9841.2009.00406.x
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hiramoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Hiramoto
本研究提供的语言学证据表明，标准日语（SJ）在文学翻译中的使用和不使用指标的社会边缘化在两个社会（日本和南美），是基于社会经济分布，而不是实际的语言分布。本研究的主要目的是探讨《飘》日译本中少数民族人物（即男女奴隶和贫穷白人）话语的互文性和转换。虽然可以肯定的是，少数民族角色使用的非标准日语--与被污名化的东北方言（Toohoku-ben，TB）非常相似--是原始非标准英语（SE）的翻译，但分配给他们类似特定地区日语方言的东西加强了奴隶和贫穷白人以及TB使用者的语言同化。这种伪方言的使用是边缘人物的语言表现的一个重要因素，同样也强调了TB在日本语言意识形态中的突出边缘性。原文采用眼方言正字法来描写少数民族人物的语言，因此，译文中非SJ的使用可以理解为间隙语篇间性。然而，根据特定的地区方言（即TB）为字符分配语音风格需要不同的解释。根据Ochs（1990）的索引性模型，我认为使用伪TB可以直接索引人物的非标准化，从而间接索引与TB相关的污名化。此外，由于使用假结核病而造成的这种互文性污名化所产生的非规范性最终起到了对被奴役男子的定型作用，
This study provides linguistic evidence that the use – and non-use – of Standard Japanese (SJ) in literary translation indexes social marginality in two societies (Japan and Southern American), and is based on socio-economic distribution rather than actual linguistic distribution. The main focus of this study is the investigation of the intertextuality and the transduction of the speech of the minority characters (namely, male and female slaves and poor whites) in the Japanese translation of Gone with the Wind (GWTW). While it is certain that the minority characters’ use of non-Standard Japanese – which strongly resembles the stigmatized Toohoku dialect, or Toohoku-ben (TB) – is a translation of the original non-Standard English (SE), the assignment to them of something resembling a particular regional Japanese dialect reinforces linguistic inferiorization of the slaves and poor whites, as well as TB speakers. The use of this pseudo-dialect is an important element in the linguistic representation of marginal characters and likewise underscores the salient marginality of TB in Japanese language ideology. The original English GWTW text employs eye-dialect orthography to portray the minority characters’ speech, thus the use of non-SJ in the translation may be understood as interstitial interdiscursivity. However, assigning speech styles to characters based on a specific regional dialect, namely TB, requires a different explanation. Following Ochs’ (1990) model of indexicality, I suggest that the use of pseudo-TB serves to directly index the characters’ non-standardness, and therefore to indirectly index the stigmatization associated with TB. Furthermore, the non-normativity reproduced through this intertextual stigmatization due to the use of pseudo-TB conclusively serves to stereotype the enslaved men and
铃木浩：《香穗剧场的故事》人类学。
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