Burnout as a clinical entity - its importance in health care workers
Burnout as a clinical entity - its importance in health care workers
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DOI：
10.1093/occmed/48.4.237
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Felton, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Felton, JS
倦怠被视为由于长期压力或挫折而导致的体力或情绪衰竭，在 20 世纪 70 年代被添加到心理健康词汇中，并且在许多医疗保健提供者中都被发现。一项针对 600 名美国工人的研究表明，倦怠会导致产量下降、缺勤、医疗费用和人员流动率增加。许多员工都很脆弱，特别是随着美国就业形势因工业规模缩小、企业收购和合并以及工作时间延长而发生变化。倦怠会导致身体和行为的变化，在某些情况下会导致化学滥用。面临风险的卫生专业人员包括医生、护士、社会工作者、牙医、肿瘤科护理人员和艾滋病患者护理人员、紧急服务人员、心理健康工作者以及言语和语言病理学家等。需要及早识别这种情绪滑落，以防止医患关系人格解体。预防和治疗本质上是并行的工作，包括加强个人工作控制、小组会议、更好的上下沟通、更多地认可个人价值、工作重新设计、灵活的工作时间、全面了解工作要求、可用的员工援助计划和辅助活动。职业倦怠是医疗保健专业人员的职业病，必须及早识别并治疗。
Burnout, viewed as the exhaustion of physical or emotional strength as a result of prolonged stress or frustration, was added to the mental health lexicon in the 1970s, and has been detected in a wide variety of health care providers. A study of 600 American workers indicated that burnout resulted in lowered production, and increases in absenteeism, health care costs, and personnel turnover. Many employees are vulnerable, particularly as the American job scene changes through industrial downsizing, corporate buyouts and mergers, and lengthened work time. Burnout produces both physical and behavioural changes, in some instances leading to chemical abuse. The health professionals at risk include physicians, nurses, social workers, dentists, care providers in oncology and AIDS-patient care personnel, emergency service staff members, mental health workers, and speech and language pathologists, among others. Early identification of this emotional slippage is needed to prevent the depersonalization of the provider-patient relationship. Prevention and treatment are essentially parallel efforts, including greater job control by the individual worker, group meetings, better up-and-down communication, more recognition of individual worth, job redesign, flexible work hours, full orientation to job requirements, available.employee assistance programmes, and adjuvant activity. Burnout is a health care professional's occupational disease which must be recognized early and treated.