Current and emerging strategies for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease.

Current and emerging strategies for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.102
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发表时间:
2014-09
期刊:
Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Reddy P
Reddy P
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Choi SW;Reddy P

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Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) represents the most serious and challenging complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). New insights on the role of regulatory T cells, T cells, and antigen presenting cells have led to improved understanding of the pathophysiology of GVHD. However, little progress has been made since the introduction of calcineurin-inhibitor-based regimens in the mid-1980s. Despite standard prophylaxis with these regimens, GVHD still develops in approximately 40–60% of recipients. Thus, there is a need for developing newer approaches to mitigate GVHD, which may facilitate the use of allogeneic HCT for the treatment of a wider range of haematological cancers. We will discuss the rationale, clinical evidence, and outcomes of current (and widely employed) strategies for GVHD prophylaxis, namely calcineurin-inhibitor-based regimen (such as cyclosporine or tacrolimus) combined with methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil. We assess the clinical evidence for emerging approaches in the prevention of GVHD, including therapies targeting T cells or B cells, mesenchymal stem cells, the use of chemo-cytokine antagonists (such as maraviroc, TNF-α inhibitor, IL-2 receptor antagonist, IL-6 inhibitor), and the use of novel molecular regulators that target multiple cell types simultaneously (such as atorvastatin, bortezomib, and epigenetic modulators).
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