Bats increase vocal amplitude and decrease vocal complexity to mitigate noise interference during social communication
Bats increase vocal amplitude and decrease vocal complexity to mitigate noise interference during social communication
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蝙蝠增加声音幅度并降低声音复杂性，以减轻社交交流过程中的噪音干扰
DOI：
10.1007/s10071-018-01235-0
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kanwal, Jagmeet S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Tinglei;Guo, Xiong;Kanwal, Jagmeet S.
在大多数生物进化的声学环境中，自然背景噪声是常见的。因此，发声动物的发声和声音感知系统天生就具备克服自然背景噪声的能力。然而，人为产生的噪音带来了新的挑战，可能会阻碍视听交流。动物应对人为噪声干扰的机制已经在各种分类群中得到了广泛的探讨。蝙蝠发出回声定位脉冲主要是为了定向、定位和导航，而社交呼叫则用于与同类动物交流。先前的研究表明，蝙蝠会根据背景噪音干扰改变回声定位脉冲参数。与高频回声定位脉冲相比，蝙蝠社会叫声中相对低频的成分与环境噪声频率广泛重叠。然而，在人为噪音的存在下，蝙蝠是如何组织它们的社会叫声的，目前尚不清楚。在这里，我们假设蝙蝠利用声音的可塑性在嘈杂的环境中促进声音交流。为了验证这一假设，我们将亚洲颗粒蝙蝠（Vespertilio sinensis）置于预先录制的交通噪音中。我们观察到，在交通噪音的影响下，声音的复杂性显著降低（即单音节呼叫的频率增加）。然而，在其他物种中观察到的社会性呼叫的持续时间和频率的增加并不明显。这表明信号简化可能会提高嘈杂环境下的通信效率。此外,V。随着交通噪音的增加，中国也增加了叫声的幅度，这与伦巴第效应的预测相一致。
Natural background noises are common in the acoustic environments in which most organisms have evolved. Therefore, the vocalization and sound perception systems of vocal animals are inherently equipped to overcome natural background noise. Human-generated noises, however, pose new challenges that can hamper audiovocal communication. The mechanisms animals use to cope with anthropogenic noise disturbances have been extensively explored in a variety of taxa. Bats emit echolocation pulses primarily to orient, locate and navigate, while social calls are used to communicate with conspecifics. Previous studies have shown that bats alter echolocation pulse parameters in response to background noise interference. In contrast to high-frequency echolocation pulses, relatively low-frequency components within bat social calls overlap broadly with ambient noise frequencies. However, how bats structure their social calls in the presence of anthropogenic noise is not known. Here, we hypothesized that bats leverage vocal plasticity to facilitate vocal exchanges within a noisy environment. To test this hypothesis, we subjected the Asian particolored bat,Vespertilio sinensis, to prerecorded traffic noise. We observed a significant decrease in vocal complexity (i.e., an increased frequency of monosyllabic calls) in response to traffic noise. However, an increase in the duration and frequency of social calls, as have been observed in other species, was not evident. This suggests that signal simplification may increase communication efficacy in noisy environments. Moreover,V. sinensisalso increased call amplitude in response to increased traffic noise, consistent with the predictions of the Lombard effect.