Incarceration And Its Disseminations: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From Chicago's Cook County Jail
Incarceration And Its Disseminations: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From Chicago's Cook County Jail
复制标题
DOI：
10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00652
复制
发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Chen, Daniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reinhart, Eric;Chen, Daniel L.
监狱和监狱是新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）感染的主要场所。因此，美国的许多司法管辖区加快了释放低风险罪犯的速度。然而，提前释放并没有解决逮捕和审前拘留做法如何可能助长疾病传播的问题。使用来自库克县监狱的数据，其中一个最大的已知节点的SARS-CoV-2传播在美国-在芝加哥，伊利诺伊州，我们分析了监禁的做法和社区感染之间的关系在邮政编码水平。我们发现，监狱-社区自行车是2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）病例的重要预测因素，占芝加哥邮政编码病例率方差的55%，占整个伊利诺伊州方差的37%。监狱社区自行车远远超过种族，贫困，公共交通使用和人口密度作为预测变量。数据表明，截至2020年4月19日，仅在库克县监狱骑车的人就与伊利诺伊州所有记录在案的COVID-19病例的15.7%和芝加哥所有记录在案的病例的15.9%有关。我们的研究结果支持减少对监禁的依赖和相关司法改革的论点，这既是当前流行病期间的紧急措施，也是对未来流行病防备和公共卫生至关重要的持续结构性变化。
Jails and prisons are major sites of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Many jurisdictions in the United States have therefore accelerated the release of low-risk offenders. Early release, however, does not address how arrest and pretrial detention practices may be contributing to disease spread. Using data from Cook County Jail-one of the largest known nodes of SARS-CoV-2 spread in the United States-in Chicago, Illinois, we analyzed the relationship between jailing practices and community infections at the ZIP code level. We found that jail- community cycling was a significant predictor of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), accounting for 55 percent of the variance in case rates across ZIP codes in Chicago and 37 percent of the variance in all of Illinois. Jail-community cycling far exceeds race, poverty, public transit use, and population density as a predictor of variance. The data suggest that cycling people through Cook County Jail alone is associated with 15.7 percent of all documented COVID-19 cases in Illinois and 15.9 percent of all documented cases in Chicago as of April 19, 2020. Our findings support arguments for reduced reliance on incarceration and for related justice reforms both as emergency measures during the present pandemic and as sustained structural changes vital for future pandemic preparedness and public health.