Perception and Conception: Temporal Lobe Activity during Complex Discriminations of Familiar and Novel Faces and Objects
Perception and Conception: Temporal Lobe Activity during Complex Discriminations of Familiar and Novel Faces and Objects
复制标题
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00010
复制
发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Graham, Kim S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barense, Morgan D.;Henson, Richard N. A.;Graham, Kim S.
最近的研究表明，内侧颞叶（MTL）损伤，无论是局灶性病变或神经退行性疾病（如。例如，在一个实施例中，语义性痴呆），损害知觉以及长期陈述性记忆。然而，值得注意的是，这两组患者对有意义的刺激和不熟悉的刺激表现出不同的表现。在患有非进展性MTL病变的健忘症患者中，与不熟悉的项目相比，使用有意义的刺激可以提高辨别能力。在语义性痴呆，一个条件的特点是进行性恶化的概念知识的背景下，前外侧颞叶损伤，有意义的刺激的表现是等同于不熟悉的项目。为了进一步研究这些发现，我们扫描了健康志愿者，同时他们进行了涉及熟悉（即，有意义的/著名的）和不熟悉的（即，小说）的物体和面孔，以及大小奇怪的基线任务。在扫描仪之外，志愿者的识别记忆被评估。我们发现，在所有物体和面部辨别中，嗅周皮层和海马的活动都高于基线，在所有面部辨别中，颞极的活动都高于基线。有意义的，相对于新的，面孔和物体的比较显示，在嗅周皮层和海马体的活动增加。在颞极，我们还发现了与面部意义相关的活动，但与物体无关。重要的是，这些有意义的影响是明显的，即使是歧视，后来没有很好地记住，这表明有意义的和新的刺激之间的差异反映了知觉或概念的过程，而不仅仅是偶然编码到长期记忆。结果提供了进一步的证据，MTL招募在复杂的知觉歧视，并进一步表明，这些结构招募对象和面孔的语义处理。
Recent studies indicate that medial-temporal lobe (MTL) damage, either from focal lesions or neurodegenerative disease (e. g., semantic dementia), impairs perception as well as long-term declarative memory. Notably, however, these two patient groups show different performance for meaningful versus unfamiliar stimuli. In amnesics with nonprogressive MTL lesions, the use of meaningful stimuli, compared with unfamiliar items, boosted discrimination performance. In semantic dementia, a condition characterized by progressive deterioration of conceptual knowledge in the context of anterolateral temporal lobe damage, performance for meaningful stimuli was equivalent to that for unfamiliar items. To further investigate these findings, we scanned healthy volunteers while they performed odd-one-out discriminations involving familiar (i.e., meaningful/famous) and unfamiliar (i.e., novel) objects and faces and a baseline task of size oddity. Outside the scanner, volunteers' recognition memory was assessed. We found above baseline activity in the perirhinal cortex and hippocampus for all object and face discriminations and above baseline activity in the temporal pole for all face discriminations. The comparison of meaningful, relative to novel, faces and objects, revealed increased activity in the perirhinal cortex and hippocampus. In the temporal pole, we also found activity related to meaningfulness for faces but not for objects. Importantly, these meaningfulness effects were evident even for discriminations that were not subsequently well remembered, suggesting that the difference between meaningful and novel stimuli reflects perceptual or conceptual processes rather than solely incidental encoding into long-term memory. The results provide further evidence that the MTL is recruited during complex perceptual discrimination and additionally suggest that these structures are recruited in semantic processing of objects and faces.