The influence of success and failure experiences on agency
The influence of success and failure experiences on agency
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DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.454
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Wojciszke, Bogdan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abele, Andrea E.;Rupprecht, Thomas;Wojciszke, Bogdan
除了交流之外，能动性是特质的一个基本维度。它可以与行为结果、地位、掌握、自尊和成功具体联系起来。本文分析了代理的情境可塑性。两项研究测试了一个人的能动性（但不是交流）是否会受到任务中成功与失败经历的情境影响，以及这种影响对于男性和女性是否相同。支持我们的假设，成功与失败经历的归纳导致能动性的变化，这些变化独立于实际表现、独立于任务类型（记忆与面部识别）、独立于归纳方法（简单任务与困难任务与操纵绩效反馈）、独立于自尊、初始能动性水平和参与者的性别交流不受这种体验的影响。讨论了对能动性基本维度以及性别和性别陈规定型观念理论的影响。版权所有 (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agency is-besides communion-a basic dimension of traits. It can be specifically linked to behavioral outcomes, to status, mastery, self-esteem and to success. The present paper analyzes the situational malleability of agency. Two studies tested whether an individual's agency (but not communion) is situationally influenced by the experience of success versus failure at a task, as well as whether this effect is the same for men and women. Supporting our hypotheses, the induction of success versus failure experiences led to changes in agency that were independent of actual performance, independent of type of task (memorizing vs. face recognition), independent of induction methodology (easy vs. difficult task vs. manipulated performance feedback), and independent of self-esteem, initial level of agency and of the participants' gender Communion was not influenced by this kind of experience. Implications for both the basic dimension of agency and for theories on gender arid gender stereotypes are discussed. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.