Molecular Variation Among and Within Improved Cultivars in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection
Molecular Variation Among and Within Improved Cultivars in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2011.04.0202
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Percy, Richard G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hinze, Lori L.;Dever, Jane K.;Percy, Richard G.
许多棉花（Gossypium spp.）保存在美国棉花种质保藏中心的种质没有被充分地表征以鼓励育种者对使用这些种质的兴趣。本研究对几组陆地棉改良材料的遗传变异进行了研究。以及如何利用这种变异性来加强目前的育种计划。这些组是根据地区或发展时期选择的，包括来自中国和北方和南部非洲的栽培品种以及过时的和最近的美国栽培品种。在这些品种间和品种内的多样性，但更大的模式的多样性的基础上，区域或时代的发展是穷人或缺乏。杂合性水平平均为44%，与中国品种表现出最低的多态性（72%）和多态性信息含量（PIC）值（0.332）。非洲品种表现出最高水平的品种内的分子变异与13.4%的多态位点。大部分的分子多样性存在于类群内（62.2%）和品种内（31.0%），而类群间（6.8%）的分子多样性较低。品种间的平均遗传相似系数为0.832，变异范围为0.675 ~ 0.999。这些信息将为棉花育种家提供更准确的指导，以选择独特和理想的加入，引入多样性，可能会减少对疾病和昆虫压力的脆弱性，并可能提供产量，农艺和纤维品质性状的改善。
Many cotton (Gossypium spp.) accessions conserved in the U.S. Cotton Germplasm Collection are not characterized sufficiently to encourage breeders' interest in using these accessions. This study was conducted to determine the genetic variability of several groups of improved Gossypium hirsutum L. accessions and how this variability can be used to enhance current breeding programs. These groups were selected based on region or era of development and included cultivars from China and northern and southern Africa and obsolete and recent U.S. cultivars. Both inter- and intracultivar diversity were observed among these cultivars, but larger patterns of diversity based on region or era of development were poor or lacking. Heterozygosity levels averaged 44% for all groups, with Chinese cultivars showing the lowest polymorphism (72%) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values (0.332). The African cultivars showed the highest levels of intracultivar molecular variation with 13.4% polymorphic loci. The majority of molecular diversity was found within groups (62.2%) and within cultivars (31.0%) rather than among groups (6.8%). The average genetic similarity between cultivars was 0.832, ranging from 0.675 to 0.999. This information will provide cotton breeders with more accurate guidance in the selection of unique and desirable accessions to introduce diversity that possibly will reduce vulnerability to disease and insect pressures and could provide improvements for yield, agronomic, and fiber quality traits.