Taxonomy and notes on the paleobiology of the late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) antilocaprids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Antilocapridae) from the state of Hidalgo, central Mexico
Taxonomy and notes on the paleobiology of the late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) antilocaprids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Antilocapridae) from the state of Hidalgo, central Mexico
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墨西哥中部伊达尔戈州晚更新世（Rancholabrean）反羊科（哺乳动物、偶蹄目、反羊科）的分类学和古生物学注释
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Jaime Priego
中科院分区：
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作者：
V. M. Bravo;E. Jiménez;Miguel A. Cabral;Jaime Priego
从墨西哥中部伊达尔戈州东南部露头的第四纪沉积物中发现了一组Antilocapridae的颅骨和牙齿材料。化石承载单元由粘土、粉砂、砂和河流环境中的稀有砾岩透镜体组成;标本与野牛有关，表明Rancholabrean陆地哺乳动物时代。通过对该物种与部分北美antilocaprids标本的比较研究，将其鉴定为小型物种Capromeryx minor和中型物种Stockoceros conklingi。该样品对C. Minor显示了该物种典型的颅骨和牙齿特征的组合，包括一个向上和向前弯曲的大后齿，后角核心，其后侧有一个从基部延伸到尖端的深沟，以及M3上发育良好的足跟。伊达尔戈的牙齿的同位素分析表明，该物种的饮食行为是混合的。考虑到它的尺寸比C更大，部分头骨和相关的角核心碎片被分配给Stockoceros conklingi。小和短于现存的叉角羚Antilocapra americana，以及具有对称和发散的角芯，和更多向外张开的角芯。在伊达尔戈州东南部发现的这些antilocaprids是北美温带最南端的发现之一。小型Capromeryx minor在北美低海拔地区（0-100米a.s.l.）与中等大小的Stockoceros conklingi（1000-2000 m a.s.l.）相比。因此，这两个物种之间的身体大小差异和它们的一些地方之间的海拔差异表明这些antilocaprids之间的直接竞争最小。
A set of cranial and dental material of Antilocapridae was recovered from Quaternary deposits that outcrop in southeastern Hidalgo, central Mexico. The fossil bearing unit consists of clay, silt, sand, and scarce conglomeratic lenses in a fluvial environment; the specimens are associated with Bison indicating a Rancholabrean Land Mammal Age. The comparative study of the material with selected specimens of North American antilocaprids, allowed its identification as the small-sized species Capromeryx minor and the medium-sized Stockoceros conklingi. The sample referable to C. minor shows a combination of cranial and dental characters typical of this species, including a large posterior tine that is curved upward and forward, posterior horn core with a deep sulcus on its posterior side that extends from the base to the tip, and well-developed heel on M3. The isotopic analysis of teeth referable to this species from Hidalgo indicates a mixed feeding dietary behavior. A partial skull and associated horn core fragments were assigned to Stockoceros conklingi, considering its larger size than C. minor and shorter than the extant pronghorn Antilocapra americana, as well as for having symmetrical and diverging horn cores, and more outwardly flaring horn cores. The recognition of these antilocaprids in southeastern Hidalgo represents one of the southernmost occurrences within temperate North America. The tiny Capromeryx minor is known in North American localities of lower altitude (0–100 m a.s.l.) compared to those of the medium-sized Stockoceros conklingi (1000–2000 m a.s.l.). Hence, body size differences between both species and altitude differences between some of their localities suggests minimal direct competition between these antilocaprids.