Electrophysiological Correlates of Competitor Activation Predict Retrieval-Induced Forgetting
Electrophysiological Correlates of Competitor Activation Predict Retrieval-Induced Forgetting
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bht019
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Johansson, Mikael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hellerstedt, Robin;Johansson, Mikael
检索的行为改变了对知识和过去事件的记忆的可及性，也可能导致遗忘。这种检索诱发遗忘（RIF）的一个重要理论认为，检索唤起抑制来克服竞争记忆的干扰，使这些记忆无法访问。本研究检验了抑制-控制理论的一个基本原则：竞争依赖假设。当参与者参与竞争性检索任务时，记录事件相关电位。在检索任务中，通过改变竞争项目的线索项目联想强度来操纵竞争水平。为了在时间上分离竞争者激活和目标检索的ERP相关，我们通过顺序呈现2个线索来探索记忆：一个类别线索，重新激活竞争者，一个目标线索。正如抑制-控制理论所预测的那样，线索-竞争者关联强的竞争者比弱的竞争者更容易被遗忘。此外，由类别线索引起的竞争敏感的ERP调节在前区被观察到，并反映了随后遗忘的个体差异。本研究证明了ERP与紧密结合的相关记忆（竞争对手）的再激活相关，并为RIF的抑制-控制解释提供了支持。
The very act of retrieval modifies the accessibility of memory for knowledge and past events and can also cause forgetting. A prominent theory of such retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) holds that retrieval recruits inhibition to overcome interference from competing memories, rendering these memories inaccessible. The present study tested a fundamental tenet of the inhibitory-control account: The competition-dependence assumption. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants engaged in a competitive retrieval task. Competition levels were manipulated within the retrieval task by varying the cue-item associative strength of competing items. In order to temporally separate ERP correlates of competitor activation and target retrieval, memory was probed with the sequential presentation of 2 cues: A category cue, to reactivate competitors, and a target cue. As predicted by the inhibitory-control account, competitors with strong compared with weak cue-competitor association were more susceptible to forgetting. Furthermore, competition-sensitive ERP modulations, elicited by the category cue, were observed over anterior regions and reflected individual differences in ensuing forgetting. The present study demonstrates ERP correlates of the reactivation of tightly bound associated memories (the competitors) and provides support for the inhibitory-control account of RIF.